Transfer Factor
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- Published in 1988
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Record 1 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Murine transfer factor. IV. Studies with genetically regulated immune
responses.
- Author
- Rozzo SJ; Merryman CF; Kirkpatrick CH
- Address
- Conrad D. Stephenson Laboratory, National Jewish Center for Immunology and
Respiratory Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80206.
- Source
- Cell Immunol, 1988 Aug, 115:1, 130-45
- Abstract
- Transfer factor-containing dialysates from mice that were either high or low
responders to GAT10, GLA5, or ovalbumin were assayed for their ability to
transfer delayed hypersensitivity to murine recipients of either high or low
responder phenotype. Dialysates from high responder strains contained transfer
factor that would transfer delayed hypersensitivity to both high and low
responder recipients. These transfers were not restricted by disparities at the
MHC or Igh loci. Identically prepared materials from low responder donors
contained little or no transfer factor activity and would not transfer delayed
hypersensitivity to either high or low responder recipients. Thus,
administration of transfer factor transfers the high responder phenotype to low
responder recipients. The data also suggest that production of transfer factor
is regulated by Ir genes but that the immunologic activities of transfer factor
are not.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88295138
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed|ET/*GE/IM; Transfer Factor|*/AD/BI/GE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Carrier Proteins|IM; Dialysis; Dose-Response Relationship,
Immunologic; H-2 Antigens|GE; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred CBA; Mice,
Inbred C57BL; Peptides|IM; Serum Albumin, Bovine|IM; Species Specificity;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0008-8749
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 2 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Transfer factor.
- Author
- Kirkpatrick CH
- Address
- Conrad D. Stephenson Laboratory, National Jewish Center for Immunology and
Respiratory Medicine, Denver, CO 80206.
- Source
- J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1988 May, 81:5 Pt 1, 803-13
- Abstract
- It has been more than 30 years since Dr. H. S. Lawrence first reported that
it was possible to transfer delayed-type hypersensitivity from sensitized donors
to unsensitized recipients with lysates of blood leukocytes. During recent
years, research from several laboratories has demonstrated that this effect is
immunologically specific. Although the molecules that possess this activity have
not been completely characterized, there is a significant body of evidence that
they are small polypeptides and that they can interact with antigen molecules in
an immunologically specific manner. Studies with immune responses that are under
genetic control have demonstrated that the ability of an animal to produce
transfer factor is genetically regulated but that transfer of delayed
hypersensitivity with transfer factor is not genetically restricted. In fact,
when mice of low-responder phenotypes are administered transfer factor from
high-responder donors, they express delayed hypersensitivity responses that are
comparable to the high responders. Clinical studies have demonstrated that
transfer factor is an efficacious method for immunotherapy of certain viral and
fungal infections.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88228780
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Transfer Factor|*/IM/TU
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Human; Hypersensitivity, Delayed|IM; Mice; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0091-6749
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 3 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- De novo initiation of specific cell-mediated immune responsiveness in
chickens by transfer factor (specific immunity inducer) obtained from bovine
colostrum and milk.
- Author
- Wilson GB; Poindexter C; Fort JD; Ludden KD
- Address
- Amtron, Inc., Charleston, South Carolina.
- Source
- Acta Virol, 1988 Jan, 32:1, 6-18
- Abstract
- Transfer factors (TF) were prepared from colostrum and milk of bovines
previously immunized with antigens obtained from Coccidioides immitis,
infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, or from the viral agents responsible
for avian Newcastle disease, laryngotracheitis disease or infectious bursal
disease. The ability of bovine TF to transfer specific cell-mediated immune
responsiveness to a markedly xenogenic species was studied using specific
pathogen free (SPF) and standard commercial (SC) chickens as model recipients.
Cell-mediated immune responsiveness was documented using one or more of the
following for each antigen (organism) studied: (a) an in vitro chicken leukocyte
(heterophil) migration inhibition assay; (b) delayed-wattle reactivity; or (c)
protection from clinical disease. Chicken TFs obtained from spleens of immune
donors were evaluated in parallel to bovine TF's in selected comparative
studies. Bovine TF also referred to as specific immunity inducer (SII), and
chicken TF were found to initiate antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity de
novo in previously non-immune SPF chickens as well as in SC chickens despite the
presence of maternally acquired humoral antibody which may serve as a "barrier"
to immunization of SC chickens when commercially available vaccines are
administered by parenteral routes. Bovine TF's specific for laryngotracheitis
virus or infectious bursal disease virus afforded protection equal to that found
for commercially available vaccines. Bovine TF's action was rapid (less than a
day) and of relatively long duration at least 35 days.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88238284
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Immunity, Cellular|*; Transfer Factor|BI/IP/*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Antigens, Viral|IM; Cattle; Chickens; Colostrum|IM; Female;
Herpesvirus 1, Gallid|IM; Immunization; Infectious Bursal Disease Virus|IM;
Male; Milk|IM; Newcastle Disease Virus|IM; Pregnancy; Species Specificity
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0001-723X
- Country of Publication
- CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Record 4 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Chromatographic and enzymatic effects on transfer factor-like activity from
human leukocytes and porcine spleen dialysate.
- Author
- Karhumäki E; Marnela KM; Krohn K
- Address
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland.
- Source
- Int J Biochem, 1988, 20:10, 1067-72
- Abstract
- 1. The effect of dialysable transfer factor (TFd), derived from human
leukocytes or porcine spleen cells, was measured using Listeria resistance in
mice. 2. The molecular weight range of substance(s) containing TF-like activity
is in the less than 3500 MW dialysis fraction on the basis of the capacity of
peritoneal macrophages to produce superoxide anion (O2-). This biological
activity is removed by heating at 56 degrees C. 3. After Sephadex G-10
chromatography of dialysates the significant activities are found in fractions
III and IV of human leukocyte dialysate and in fractions of II and III of
porcine spleen dialysate. 4. From enzymatic studies, most of the protective
activity of both human leukocyte and porcine spleen dialysate is based on the
action of small-molecular weight structures containing peptides and/or
polynucleotides.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89252383
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Leukocytes|*AN; Spleen|*AN; Transfer Factor|*IP/PD
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Chromatography, Gel; Dialysis|MT; Drug Resistance, Microbial|DE;
Enzymes; Heat; Human; Listeria|DE; Listeria Infections|PC; Mice; Molecular
Weight; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Swine
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0020-711X
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 5 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Transfer factor in Hodgkin's disease: a randomized clinical and
immunological study.
- Author
- Hancock BW; Bruce L; Sokol RJ; Clark A
- Address
- University Department of Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield,
U.K.
- Source
- Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol, 1988 May, 24:5, 929-33
- Abstract
- Transfer factor (TF) was prepared from buffy coats obtained from 493 units
of blood taken from healthy donors, including individuals convalescent from
various viral infections. It was administered to 22 of 47 patients with
Hodgkin's disease undergoing treatment and consenting to take part in this
randomized study to determine if TF would enhance their immunity and/or reduce
the incidence of subsequent infections. Skin test reactivity was markedly
enhanced in those patients receiving TF as opposed to placebo but other
immunological assessments showed no significant differences between the groups.
TF was not shown to be of benefit in the prevention of infections (including
varicella/zoster).
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89005279
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Hodgkin Disease|*IM; Transfer Factor|*TU
- MeSH Heading
- B-Lymphocytes|IM; Blood Cell Count; Cell Migration Inhibition;
Chickenpox|PC; Clinical Trials; Double-Blind Method; Human; Immunity, Cellular;
Immunoglobulins|AN; Leukocytes|IM; Lymphocyte Transformation; Receptors, Fc|AN;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; T-Lymphocytes|IM
- Publication Type
- CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
- ISSN
- 0277-5379
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 6 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Varicella-zoster virus IgG antibodies during primoinfection in competent and
transfer factor modulated immunocompromised host: comparison of three indirect
assays.
- Author
- Zachar V; Mayer V; Schmidtmayerová H
- Address
- Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislaya,
Czechoslovakia.
- Source
- Acta Virol, 1988 May, 32:3, 243-51
- Abstract
- Ten patients with acute leukaemia and next three with Hodgkin's or
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, suffering from varicella-zoster-virus (VZV)
primoinfection, were given 1 to 2 doses of ultrafiltrate of the human leukocytes
lysate (LLU) containing transfer factor (TF) activity (1 dose being equivalent
to the product of 10(8) leukocytes). Only LLU administered to patients with
acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) at early phases of the illness (days 1 and 2)
displayed a notable benefit on the clinical course of varicella. No influence
upon the infection, on the other hand, was observed following LLU administration
to subjects with lymphoma. The convalescent levels of IgG antibodies to VZV, as
detected by indirect immunoperoxidase assay to membrane antigen (IPAMA),
demonstrated no significant difference between infected competent and
immunocompromised untreated and LLU treated individuals. The performance
characteristics of IPAMA are compared with indirect immunofluorescence method
(IFA) and non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on the same
panel of specimens.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89022589
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antibodies, Viral|*AN; Chickenpox|ET/*IM/TH; Herpesvirus 3, Human|*IM
- MeSH Heading
- Comparative Study; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Fluorescent Antibody
Technique; Human; IgG|AN; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Leukemia|CO; Lymphoma|CO;
Transfer Factor|TU
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0001-723X
- Country of Publication
- CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Record 7 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of transfer factor as
adjuvant therapy for malignant melanoma.
- Author
- Miller LL; Spitler LE; Allen RE; Minor DR
- Address
- Paul M. Aggelar Memorial Laboratory, Children's Hospital of San Francisco,
California.
- Source
- Cancer, 1988 Apr, 61:8, 1543-9
- Abstract
- One hundred and sixty-eight evaluable patients participated in a randomized,
double-blind study of transfer factor (TF) versus placebo as surgical adjuvant
therapy of Stage I and Stage II malignant melanoma. Eighty-five patients
received TF prepared from the leukocytes of healthy volunteer donors;
eighty-three participants received placebo. Therapy was initiated within 90 days
of resection of all evident tumor and continued until 2 years of disease-free
survival or the occurrence of unresectable dissemination of melanoma. Known
prognostic variables were similarly distributed in the treatment and control
groups, documenting the randomization efficacy. Three endpoints were analyzed:
disease-free interval, time to Stage III metastasis, and survival. After a
median follow-up period of 24.75 months, there was a trend in favor of the
placebo group with regard to all three endpoints and this was significant (P
less than or equal to 0.05) for time to Stage III metastasis. These findings
indicate that TF is not effective as surgical adjuvant therapy of malignant
melanoma.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88164707
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Melanoma|SU/*TH; Transfer Factor|*TU
- MeSH Heading
- Clinical Trials; Combined Modality Therapy; Double-Blind Method; Human;
Random Allocation; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- CLINICAL TRIAL; JOURNAL ARTICLE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
- ISSN
- 0008-543X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 8 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Evidence for protein-catalyzed transfer of platelet activating factor by
macrophage cytosol.
- Author
- Banks JB; Wykle RL; OFlaherty JT; Lumb RH
- Address
- Biochemistry Group, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723.
- Source
- Biochim Biophys Acta, 1988 Jul, 961:1, 48-52
- Abstract
- Platelet activating factor (PAF) is a potent, proinflammatory lipid. PAF is
synthesized in response to stimuli and is rapidly destroyed by specific
acetylhydrolases. In order to express its biological activity, PAF and its
metabolites are transported among subcellular membranes by as yet unexplained
mechanisms. We report here an assay system using methylcarbamyl-PAF (CPAF,
1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-(N-methylcarbamyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and a
vesicle-extrusion technique for examining protein-catalyzed intermembrane
transfer of CPAF, and demonstrate the presence of proteins catalyzing the
separate transfer of CPAF and diacyl phosphatidylcholine in macrophage cytosol.
The CPAF transfer activity is heat- and trypsin-sensitive and elutes from
gel-filtration columns well separated from proteins catalyzing the transfer of
phosphatidylcholine.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88252202
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Macrophages|*ME; Phospholipid Ethers|*ME; Platelet Activating Factor|*ME;
Proteins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Biological Transport; Cattle; Cytosol|ME; Intracellular
Membranes|ME; Kinetics; Organ Specificity; Rabbits; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-3002
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 9 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Affinity labeling at the A-site of Escherichia coli ribosomes by a
non-hydrolyzable gamma-amide analog of GTP.
- Author
- Babkina GT; Jonák J; Karpova GG; Knorre DG; Rychlík I; Vladimirov SN
- Address
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Siberian Division of the Academy of
Sciences, Novosibirsk, U.S.S.R.
- Source
- Biochimie, 1988 May, 70:5, 597-603
- Abstract
- gamma-Amides of GTP and affinity and photoaffinity derivatives of
gamma-amides of GTP: gamma-anilide of GTP, gamma-(4-azido)anilide of GTP,
gamma-[N-(4-azidobenzyl)-N-methyl]amide of GTP,
gamma[4-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-methylaminobenzyl]amide of GTP and
gamma-[4-N-(2-oxoethyl)-N-methylaminobenzyl]amide of GTP substituted efficiently
for GTP in the EF-Tu-dependent transfer of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome but,
in contrast to GTP, they were not hydrolyzed in this process. They represent a
new class of non-hydrolyzable GTP analogs with preserved gamma-phosphodiester
bond. The radioactive analog of GTP:
gamma-[4-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-methylamino[14C]benzyl]amide of GTP was used as an
affinity labeling probe for the identification of components of the GTPase
center formed in the EF-Tu-dependent transfer reaction of aminoacyl-tRNA to the
ribosomal A-site. Within a six-component complex of poly(U)-programmed E. coli
ribosomes with elongation factor Tu, Phe-tRNA(Phe) (at the A-site), tRNA(Phe)
(at the P-site) and the [14C]GTP analog, mainly the ribosomal 23S RNA and to a
lesser extent the ribosomal proteins L17, L21, S16, S21 and the ribosomal 16S
RNA were labeled by the reagent. No significant modification of EF-Tu was
detected.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89000961
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Affinity Labels|*ME; Escherichia coli|*ME; Guanosine Triphosphate|*AA/ME;
Ribosomes|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Amides|ME; Binding Sites; GTP Phosphohydrolase|ME; Hydrolysis; Peptide
Elongation Factor Tu|PH; Peptides|BI; Photochemistry; RNA, Transfer, Amino
Acyl|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0300-9084
- Country of Publication
- FRANCE
Record 10 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Fluorescent modification of the cysteine 202 residue of Escherichia coli
transcription termination factor rho.
- Author
- Seifried SE; Wang Y; von Hippel PH
- Address
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Sep, 263:27, 13511-4
- Abstract
- The lone cysteine residue (Cys-202) of transcription termination factor rho
has been modified with the sulfhydryl-specific dyes 5-iodoacetamidofluorescein
and 5-(2-[iodoacetyl)amino)ethyl)aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid. Labeling with
both dyes is specific for the Cys-202 residue and is at least 90% complete. Rho
protein is an RNA-dependent ATPase and exists as a hexamer of identical subunits
in its activated (RNA-liganded) form. We find that chemical modification of rho
at Cys-202 does not significantly change the properties of the protein; subunit
assembly, RNA binding, and poly(rC)-activated ATP hydrolysis are all relatively
unperturbed by the covalent attachment of these fluorescent moieties. On the
other hand, the spectral, quenching, and anisotropy properties of the
fluorescent groups are all significantly modified by attachment to the protein.
No energy transfer is seen between fluorescein-labeled subunits within rho
hexamers, indicating that the Cys-202 residues on these subunits are located at
least 40 A apart. These fluorescently labeled rho molecules should represent
useful probes to study the conformations and inter- and intrasubunit geometries
of this termination factor at various stages of its interaction with nascent RNA
transcripts.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88330870
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Cysteine|*; Escherichia coli|*AN; Fluorescent Dyes|*; Rho Factor|*/ME/PD;
Transcription Factors|*/ME/PD
- MeSH Heading
- Adenosinetriphosphatase|ME; Chemistry; Cross-Linking Reagents; Energy
Transfer; Fluoresceins; Macromolecular Systems; Naphthalenesulfonates; RNA|ME;
Spectrophotometry; Sulfhydryl Reagents; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.;
Transcription, Genetic|DE
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 11 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Adult chronic granulomatosis disease-like neutrophil granulocyte disorder
corrected by dialysable leukocyte extract.
- Author
- Lukács K; Szabó G; Schröder I; Szegedi G
- Address
- 3rd Department of Medicine, University Medical School, Debrechen, Hungary.
- Source
- Allergol Immunopathol (Madr), 1988 Mar, 16:2, 121-5
- Abstract
- A 47 year old female presented with a septic clinical picture including
fever, abscesses, late cachexia, and unmanageable by disease. Similar
characteristics to chronic granulomatosis disease (CGD) seriously decreased
intracellular killing activity and chemiluminescence, granulomas in the
histology, and the role of genetic factors were found, suggesting that our case
is CGD-like disorder, manifested in an adult. Dialysable leukocyte extract (DLE)
therapy, complemented with fresh normal plasma, resulted in a striking clinical
improvement and there was an increase in the in vitro PMNL intracellular killing
activity, too. Although it is generally accepted that DLE derives from monocytes
and lymphocytes, it is possible that DLE is a family of DNA-oligopeptide
molecules, including factors derived from PMNLs which are capable of influencing
PMNL function, transferring information from normal cells. Our results also
suggest that it would be worth trying DLE in patients with classic CGD.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88279301
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Neutrophils|IM/*PA; Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction|CO/*TH; Transfer
Factor|IP/*TU
- MeSH Heading
- Abscess|ET; Case Report; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Female; Human;
Leukocytes|AN; Middle Age; Phagocytosis; Rosette Formation
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0301-0546
- Country of Publication
- SPAIN
Record 12 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Growth factors modulate junctional cell-to-cell communication.
- Author
- Maldonado PE; Rose B; Loewenstein WR
- Address
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami School of
Medicine, Florida 33101.
- Source
- J Membr Biol, 1988 Dec, 106:3, 203-10
- Abstract
- The epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the platelet-derived growth factor
(PDGF) inhibit gap junctional communication in the mammalian cell lines NRK and
BalbC 3T3: cell-to-cell transfer of a 400-dalton tracer molecule is reduced and
junctional conductance is reduced. The inhibition of cell-to-cell transfer is
reversible and dose dependent; half-maximal effects are obtained at 10(-9) and
10(-11) M concentrations of EGF and PDGF, respectively. The response of
junctional conductance is detectable within 2 min of EGF application and reaches
a maximum within 10 min. It is among the earliest cellular responses to this
growth factor and may be significant in the regulation of growth. The response
is lacking in EGF receptor-deficient NIH 3T3 cells. The transforming factor beta
(TGF beta) enhances junctional communication in BalbC 3T3: cell-to-cell transfer
is increased over a period of 8 hr. But in NRK cells, where it upregulates EGF
receptors, TGF beta reduces junctional communication synergistically with EGF.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89216868
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Cell Communication|*; Growth Substances|*PH; Intercellular Junctions|*PH
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Mice; Microelectrodes;
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface|PH; Receptors,
Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone|PH; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.;
Transforming Growth Factors|PH
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-2631
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 13 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The elongation factor EF-Tu from E. coli binds to the upstream activator
region of the tRNA-tufB operon.
- Author
- Vijgenboom E; Nilsson L; Bosch L
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Source
- Nucleic Acids Res, 1988 Nov, 16:21, 10183-97
- Abstract
- The polypeptide chain elongation factor EF-Tu of Escherichia coli is encoded
by two genes, tufA and tufB, located in two different operons. Experiments in
which either tufA or tufB was inactivated demonstrated that expression of the
tRNA-tufB operon is dependent on a functioning tufA and thus on EF-Tu (1, to be
published). In order to study a possible role of EF-Tu as trans-activator of the
tRNA-tufB operon, we have investigated in vitro binding of an EF-Tu. GDP
preparation to various DNA fragments of the operon. We demonstrate that specific
binding occurs to a cis-acting region delimited from position -134 to the
promoter, previously shown to enhance tufB transcription. Electrophoretic
retardation assays reveal the formation of maximally three protein/DNA
complexes, indicating that more than one protein molecule can bind to the DNA.
The EF-Tu preparation used was obtained by affinity chromatography and appeared
to be 95% pure. It lost its DNA binding activity upon further purification. That
EF-Tu is nonetheless involved in the DNA binding is suggested by the observation
that none of the three complexes is formed in the presence of kirromycin, an
antibiotic that binds EF-Tu with high specificity. If so, EF-Tu.GDP most likely
binds to the activator region of the tRNA-tufB operon in combination with
another non-identified protein or component.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89057457
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Escherichia coli|*GE/ME; Gene Expression Regulation|*; Genes, Bacterial|*;
Genes, Structural|*; Operon|*; Peptide Elongation Factor Tu|*GE/ME; RNA,
Transfer|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- DNA, Bacterial|GE/ME; Kinetics; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0305-1048
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 14 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Transfer of functional EGF receptors to an IL3-dependent cell line.
- Author
- Collins MK; Downward J; Miyajima A; Maruyama K; Arai K; Mulligan RC
- Address
- Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142.
- Source
- J Cell Physiol, 1988 Nov, 137:2, 293-8
- Abstract
- Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a small protein that acts as a mitogen for
various epidermal, epithelial, and fibroblastic cells that bear specific EGF
receptors. The molecule that binds EGF is a 175-kD transmembrane protein, with
an extracellular ligand binding domain and an intracellular domain that
possesses tyrosine kinase activity, thought to be involved in the mitogenic
signalling process. Here we have constructed a recombinant murine retrovirus
that transduces a human cDNA encoding the 175-kD protein and used this
retrovirus to infect BAF3, a murine, bone marrow-derived cell line, which is
dependent on the haematopoietic factor interleukin-3 (IL3) for its growth in
culture. The EGF receptors expressed in the infected cells exhibit two affinity
states, as well as EGF-stimulated autophosphorylation. Furthermore, EGF can
replace IL3 in supporting short-term proliferation of these cells. These data
identify functional properties of the EGF receptor upon expression of the 175-kD
EGF binding protein in a haemotopoietic cell that does not express endogenous
receptors. They also suggest that gene transfer of growth factor receptors to
heterologous cells may allow novel growth stimuli to be exploited.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89054145
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Interleukin-3|*PD; Receptors, Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone|GE/*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Line; DNA|ME; Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone|PD; Mice;
Molecular Weight; Protein-Tyrosine Kinase|ME; Retroviridae|GE; Support, Non-U.S.
Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Transduction, Genetic
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9541
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 15 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Action of erythromycin and virginiamycin S on polypeptide synthesis in
cell-free systems.
- Author
- Chinali G; Nyssen E; Di Giambattista M; Cocito C
- Address
- Istituto di Strutture Biologiche ed Ultrastruttura Cellulare, Ila FacoltÄa
di Medicina, UniversitÄa di Napoli, Italy.
- Source
- Biochim Biophys Acta, 1988 Nov, 951:1, 42-52
- Abstract
- Erythromycin (a 14-membered macrolide) and virginiamycin S (a type B
synergimycin) block protein biosynthesis in bacteria, but are virtually inactive
on poly(U)-directed poly(Phe) synthesis. We have recently shown, however, that
these antibiotics inhibit the in vitro polypeptide synthesis directed by
synthetic copolymers: this effect is analyzed further in the present work. We
were unable to find any consistent alteration produced by these antibiotics on
coupled and uncoupled EF-G- and EF-Tu-dependent GTPases, on the EF-Tu-directed
binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes, and on the EF-G- and GTP-mediated
translocation of peptidyl-tRNA bound to poly(U,C).ribosome complexes. With these
complexes, the peptidyl transfer reaction, as measured by peptidylpuromycin
synthesis, was 10-30% inhibited by virginiamycin S and erythromycin. A direct
relationship between the virginiamycin S- and erythromycin-promoted inhibition
of poly(A,C)-directed polypeptide synthesis, on the one hand, and the EF-G
concentration and the rate of the polymerization reaction, on the other hand,
was observed, in agreement with a postulated reversible inhibitor action of
these antibiotics. The increased inhibitory activity, which was observed during
the first 4-6 rounds of elongation, in the presence of virginiamycin S or
erythromycin, was suggestive of a specific action of these antibiotics on the
correct positioning of peptidyl-tRNA at the P site. The marked stimulation of
premature release of peptidyl-tRNA from poly(A,C).ribosome complexes can be
referred to an altered interaction of the C-terminal aminoacyl residue of the
growing peptidyl chain with the ribosome. We conclude that the action of
virginiamycin S and erythromycin entails a template-dependent alteration of the
interaction of peptidyl-tRNA with the donor site of peptidyltransferase, which
may lead to a transient functional block of the ribosome and in some instances
to a premature release of peptidyl-tRNA and termination of the elongation
process.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89051018
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Erythromycin|*PD; Escherichia coli|DE/*ME; Peptides|*BI; Virginiamycin|*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Guanosine Triphosphate|ME; GTP Phosphohydrolase|ME; Peptide Chain
Elongation|DE; Peptide Elongation Factor Tu|PD; Peptide Elongation Factors|PD;
Poly A|ME; Poly C|ME; Poly U|ME; Puromycin|ME; Ribosomes|ME; RNA, Transfer,
Amino Acyl|ME; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-3002
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 16 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Negative correlation between the abundance of Escherichia coli
aminoacyl-tRNA families and their affinities for elongation factor Tu-GTP.
- Author
- Jakubowski H
- Address
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Medicine
and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103.
- Source
- J Theor Biol, 1988 Aug, 133:3, 363-70
- Abstract
- The number of aminoacyl-tRNA molecules in Escherichia coli cells varies by
about one order of magnitude from 730 (glutaminyl-tRNA) to 7900 (valyl-tRNA).
Relative affinities of E. coli aminoacyl-tRNA for elongation factor Tu-GTP vary
also by about one order of magnitude from 2.08 (glutaminyl-tRNA) to 0.15
(valyl-tRNA). The relationship between the abundance of all 20 aminoacyl-tRNA
families in 5 E. coli strains and their affinities for elongation factor Tu-GTP
was examined by statistical methods. Negative correlation between the two
parameters was found. The correlation coefficient was -0.62 to -0.52 with
significance level 0.01. Regression analysis give the following formula for the
relation between relative abundance of aminoacyl-tRNA families (x) and their
relative affinities for elongation factor Tu-GTP (y): y = 1.25 - 0.25x. The
analyses indicate that those aminoacyl-tRNA families that are present in cells
in low copy number exhibit higher affinity than the more abundant aminoacyl-tRNA
families for elongation factor Tu-GTP. The bacterial protein biosynthetic
apparatus evolved in such a way as to compensate for a low copy number of some
aminoacyl-tRNAs by tight binding of the aminoacyl-tRNA to elongation factor
Tu-GTP. This may assure adequate supply of low copy number aminoacyl-tRNAs under
conditions of limitation in elongation factor Tu-GTP, e.g. during stringent
response, and is consistent with the idea of elongation factor Tu-GTP modulating
translational efficiencies of aminoacyl-tRNAs.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89180173
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Escherichia coli|GE/*ME; Guanosine Triphosphate|*ME; Peptide Elongation
Factor Tu|*ME; RNA, Bacterial|*ME; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Kinetics; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-5193
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 17 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Control of the tRNA-tufB operon in Escherichia coli. 3. Feedback inhibition
of tufB expression by an EF-Tu with a deletion in the guanine-nucleotide-binding
domain.
- Author
- Van Delft JH; Bosch L
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Source
- Eur J Biochem, 1988 Aug, 175:2, 375-8
- Abstract
- The expression of tufB, one of the two EF-Tu-encoding genes in Escherichia
coli, is under autogenous control. Feedback inhibition of tufB expression by
plasmid-borne EF-Tu has been used to answer the question of whether or not the
integrity of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of EF-Tu is required for the
autoregulatory role of the factor protein. We show that a large deletion of
tufB, causing the elimination of an 81-amino-acid segment from the plasmid-borne
EF-Tu, does not abolish tufB repression. We conclude that the autoregulation of
the cellular EF-Tu level is not dependent on an intact
guanine-nucleotide-binding domain and does not require binding of GTP to EF-Tu.
The repressor activity of the deletion derivative of EF-Tu can be measured
despite a rapid disappearance of the (altered) mutant protein from the soluble
cytoplasmic fraction of the cell. Degradation and assembly in larger complexes
are responsible for this disappearance.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88296503
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Chromosome Deletion|*; Escherichia coli|*GE; G-Proteins|*GE; Genes,
Bacterial|*; Genes, Structural|*; Operon|*; Peptide Elongation Factor Tu|*GE;
RNA, Transfer|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Feedback; Gene Expression Regulation; Guanosine Diphosphate|ME;
Macromolecular Systems; Protein Conformation; RNA, Bacterial|GE; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0014-2956
- Country of Publication
- GERMANY, WEST
Record 18 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Zone-interference gel electrophoresis: a new method for studying weak
protein-nucleic acid complexes under native equilibrium conditions.
- Author
- Abrahams JP; Kraal B; Bosch L
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
- Source
- Nucleic Acids Res, 1988 Nov, 16:21, 10099-108
- Abstract
- A new and general electrophoresis method is described for the determination
of dissociation constants of weak macromolecular complexes in the range of
10(-6) to 10(-4) M. The method is based on the measurement of the migration
distance of a macromolecular complex in rapid dynamic equilibrium as a function
of the interacting ligand concentration in a surrounding zone. Special
advantages of the method are: its high sensitivity (dependent on the
autoradiography, immunoblotting or staining technique used), its speed
(electrophoresis time 20 min), and the independence of the Kd determination on
the sample concentration of macromolecules. The latter is of great value for
labile macromolecules: unknown partial inactivation does not influence the
measurement. Studying the interactions between elongation factor EF-Tu and tRNA
from E. coli we found for EF-Tu.GTP.aurodox.aminocyl-tRNA a Kd of 3 microM and
for EF-Tu.GDP.aurodox.aminoacyl-tRNA a Kd of 11 microM at 9 degrees C.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89057451
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Nucleic Acids|*ME; Proteins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Antibiotics|ME; Electrophoresis|MT; Guanosine Triphosphate|ME; Kinetics;
Models, Theoretical; Peptide Elongation Factor Tu|ME; Protein Binding;
Pyridones|ME; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl|ME; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0305-1048
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 19 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- A yeast sigma composite element, TY3, has properties of a retrotransposon.
- Author
- Clark DJ; Bilanchone VW; Haywood LJ; Dildine SL; Sandmeyer SB
- Address
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine,
University of California, Irvine 92717.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Jan, 263:3, 1413-23
- Abstract
- Sigma is a 340- or 341-base pair repetitive element which is located almost
exclusively within 19 base pairs of the 5' ends of various tRNA genes in the
Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Although most sigma elements characterized to
date are isolated insertions, a few of the elements occur relatively closely
spaced. One of these pairs is a direct repeat of the sigma element separated by
an internal domain 4.7 kilobase pairs in length. Not only does this structure
resemble a composite transposable element, but regions within the sigma elements
and intervening domain are homologous to conserved regions in retroviruses and
retrotransposons of yeast and other organisms. Two features suggest that the
sigma elements and intervening DNA transposed in a concerted event: only one of
the two sigma elements is associated with a tRNA gene, and only the outside ends
of the two elements are flanked by the 5-base pair direct repeats that usually
flank individual sigma insertions. Examination of genomic DNA from five
laboratory strains indicates that the 4.7 kilobase pair internal domain is
present in one to four copies per haploid genome and that the genomic location
of this domain differs from strain to strain. In addition, Northern blot
analysis showed the presence of a 5.2 kilobase poly(A) transcript which
hybridizes to both sigma and internal domain-specific probes. The existence of
this composite element may suggest new ways to consider the mechanisms by which
retrotransposons select their targets.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88087281
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- DNA Transposable Elements|*; Saccharomyces cerevisiae|*GE; Sigma Factor|*AN;
Transcription Factors|*AN
- MeSH Heading
- Base Sequence; DNA Restriction Enzymes|ME; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic
Acid Hybridization; Poly A|ME; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid;
Retroviridae|GE; RNA|ME; RNA, Transfer, Cys|AN; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Transcription, Genetic
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 20 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Control of the tRNA-tufB operon in Escherichia coli. 2. Mechanisms of the
feedback inhibition of tufB expression studied in vivo and in vitro.
- Author
- Van Delft JH; Talens A; De Jong PJ; Schmidt DS; Bosch L
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Source
- Eur J Biochem, 1988 Aug, 175:2, 363-74
- Abstract
- The mechanism underlying feedback inhibition of tufB expression has been
studied in vivo by gene-dosage experiments and by gene and operon fusions
involving lacZ. Raising the cellular EF-Tu content, by introducing a multicopy
plasmid encoding EF-TuA into the cell, repressed the level of EF-TuB but left
the content of tRNA(Thr)3, encoded by the tRNA-tufB operon, unaffected. This
indicates that autoregulation of chromosomal tufB expression does not occur by
modulating transcription initiation at the promoter of the tRNA-tufB operon.
This conclusion is further substantiated by experiments with a tRNA':lacZ operon
fusion. The molecular ratio of chromosome-borne tufA and tufB transcripts also
remained unaltered under conditions of excess EF-Tu, though experiments with a
tRNA-tufB':lacZ operon fusion showed a decrease of tufB transcripts. Our data
further exclude drastic effects of the autogenous repressor on processing of the
contranscript of the operon into monocistronic tufB RNA and on alteration of
EF-TuB turnover. Two possible mechanisms remain, which cannot yet be decided
between. One is modulation of EF-Tu by transcription termination either directly
or indirectly by affecting antitermination. The second is translational
repression. In vitro translation of transcripts derived from SP6 clones did not
reveal any feedback inhibition of EF-TuB synthesis. Surprisingly, addition of
EF-Tu to a coupled transcription/translation systems was found to block
transcription initiation at the primary promoter of the tRNA-tufB operon by over
90%. Although this in vitro effect of EF-Tu could not be demonstrated in vivo,
possibly because of a difference in higher-order structure between plasmid-borne
and chromosome-borne DNA, it indicates that under certain conditions EF-Tu binds
very specifically to the tRNA-tufB operon promoter or its upstream region.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88296502
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Escherichia coli|*GE; Gene Expression Regulation|*; Genes, Bacterial|*;
Genes, Structural|*; Operon|*; Peptide Elongation Factor Tu|*GE; RNA,
Transfer|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Superhelical|GE; Feedback; Plasmids; RNA,
Bacterial|GE; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Templates; Transcription, Genetic;
Translation, Genetic
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0014-2956
- Country of Publication
- GERMANY, WEST
Record 21 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Control of the tRNA-tufB operon in Escherichia coli. 1. rRNA gene dosage
effects and growth-rate-dependent regulation.
- Author
- Van Delft JH; Verbeek HM; De Jong PJ; Schmidt DS; Talens A; Bosch L
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Source
- Eur J Biochem, 1988 Aug, 175:2, 355-62
- Abstract
- 'Ribosome feedback' effects on the expression of the genes specifying tRNA
and EF-Tu in E. coli have been studied at increased rrnB doses (rRNA gene
doses). We confirm previous observations that the introduction into the cell of
a multicopy plasmid carrying the rrnB operon reduces the cellular content of
most tRNAs, including those encoded by the tRNA-tufB operon, but leaves the 5S
rRNA content unaffected. Increase of the dosage of intact, but not of deleted
rRNA genes, causes a slight drop in total EF-Tu that can be fully accounted for
by a decrease in EF-TuB level. The drop in EF-TuB content (approx. 25%) is much
smaller than that in tRNA content (approx. 80%). The synthesis rate of total
EF-Tu is hardly affected, indicating that the turnover of EF-Tu has not changed.
The ratio of tRNA over tuf RNA synthesis rates remains the same after elevation
of rrnB dosage. Considering the large decrease in tRNA content this means that
both RNA synthesis rates decrease to approximately the same extent. The
relatively small drop in EF-Tu synthesis must be due, therefore, to an
enhancement of the number of EF-Tu molecules synthesized per mRNA molecule.
Apparently a post-transcriptional mechanism, regulating EF-Tu synthesis, becomes
operative under these conditions. Growth-rate-dependent regulation of the
tRNA-tufB operon has been studied using lysogens carrying tRNA':lacZ and
tRNA-tufB':lacZ operon fusions and a tufB':lacZ' gene fusion. These experiments
show that the cellular contents of tRNA, tufB RNA and EF-TuB vary in direct
proportion to the growth rate. This indicates that growth rate control of
tRNA-tufB operon transcription resembles that of stable RNA operons and not of
r-protein operons, and that the read-through of the terminator at the end of the
tRNA gene cluster remains unaltered.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88296501
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Escherichia coli|GD/*GE; Genes, Bacterial|*; Genes, Structural|*; Operon|*;
Peptide Elongation Factor Tu|*GE; RNA, Ribosomal|*GE; RNA, Transfer|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Feedback; Plasmids; RNA, Bacterial|GE; RNA, Ribosomal, 5S|GE; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't; Transcription, Genetic; Translation, Genetic
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0014-2956
- Country of Publication
- GERMANY, WEST
Record 22 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Sigma elements are position-specific for many different yeast tRNA genes.
- Author
- Sandmeyer SB; Bilanchone VW; Clark DJ; Morcos P; Carle GF; Brodeur GM
- Address
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, California College of
Medicine, University of California, Irvine 92717.
- Source
- Nucleic Acids Res, 1988 Feb, 16:4, 1499-515
- Abstract
- We determined the DNA sequence of seventeen sigma elements and flanking
regions in order to investigate the extent of the association between the yeast
repetitive element, sigma, and tRNA genes. Fifteen of seventeen sigma elements
analyzed begin at position -19 to -16 with respect to the 5' end of a
tRNA-coding sequence. This region is close to the initiation point of tRNA gene
transcription and contains a sequence which is modestly conserved for a number
of tRNA genes. Two pairs of identical sigma elements occur as the long terminal
repeats of a sequence which, together with flanking sigma elements, has the
structural properties of a retrotransposon; this element has been named Ty3
(manuscript submitted). Hybridization analysis of yeast chromosomal DNA
separated by orthogonal field alternation gel electrophoresis (OFAGE) showed
that Ty3 and isolated sigma elements are distributed over many chromosomes in
the yeast genome.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88157710
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Genes, Fungal|*; RNA, Transfer|*GE; Saccharomyces cerevisiae|*GE; Sigma
Factor|*GE; Transcription Factors|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Base Sequence; Chromosome Mapping; Cloning, Molecular; Comparative Study;
Molecular Sequence Data; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0305-1048
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 23 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- The development of new immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer using
interleukin-2. A review.
- Author
- Rosenberg SA
- Address
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20014.
- Source
- Ann Surg, 1988 Aug, 208:2, 121-35
- Abstract
- Recent increases in knowledge of cellular immunology, combined with
developments in biotechnology, have provided new opportunities for the
development of immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer in humans. One
approach to therapy is that of adoptive immunotherapy, that is, the transfer to
the tumor bearing host of lymphoid cells with antitumor reactivity that can
mediate antitumor responses. Several lymphocyte subpopulations have now been
identified that may be suitable for use in adoptive immunotherapy. Resting
lymphocytes incubated in interleukin-2 (IL-2) give rise to lymphokine activated
killer (LAK) cells that can lyse malignant cells, but not normal cells. Clinical
studies in patients with advanced cancer have revealed that treatment with high
dose IL-2 alone or in combination with LAK cells can mediate the complete or
partial regression of cancer in selected patients. Other approaches are
currently undergoing investigation, including the adoptive transfer of tumor
infiltrating lymphocytes, which, in animal models, have antitumor reactivity
50-100 times more potent than do LAK cells. Other new approaches to
immunotherapy include the use of combination of lymphokines, such as the use of
tumor necrosis factor or alpha interferon in conjunction with IL-2. The
availability of recombinant lymphokines that provide large amounts of
biologically active materials can hopefully lead to the development of effective
new therapies for cancer in humans.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88293049
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Immunotherapy|AE/*MT; Neoplasms|*TH
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Human; Immunization, Passive; Interferon Type I|TU;
Interleukin-2|TU; Killer Cells|IM; Lymphocytes|IM; Lymphokines|IM; Mice;
Neoplasms, Experimental|TH; Tumor Necrosis Factor|TU
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0003-4932
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 24 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Interaction of elongation factors EF-G and EF-Tu with a conserved loop in
23S RNA.
- Author
- Moazed D; Robertson JM; Noller HF
- Address
- Thimann Laboratories, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064.
- Source
- Nature, 1988 Jul, 334:6180, 362-4
- Abstract
- The elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-G interact with ribosomes during protein
synthesis: EF-Tu presents incoming aminoacyl transfer RNA to the programmed
ribosome as an EF-Tu-GTP-tRNA ternary complex and EF-G promotes translocation of
peptidyl-tRNA and its associated messenger RNA from the A to the P site after
peptidyl transfer. Both events are accompanied by ribosome-dependent GTP
hydrolysis. Here we use chemical probes to investigate the possible interaction
of these factors with ribosomal RNA in E. coli ribosomes. We observe
EF-G-dependent footprints in vitro and in vivo around position 1,067 in domain
II of 23S rRNA, and in the loop around position 2,660 in domain VI.EF-Tu gives
an overlapping footprint in vitro at positions 2,655 and 2,661, but shows no
effect at position 1,067. The 1,067 region is the site of interaction of the
antibiotic thiostrepton, which prevents formation of the EF-G-GTP-ribosome
complex and is a site for interaction with the GTPase-related protein L11 (ref.
3). The universally conserved loop in the 2,660 region is the site of attack by
the RNA-directed cytotoxins alpha-sarcin and ricin, whose effects abolish
translation and include the loss of elongation factor-dependent functions in
eukaryotic ribosomes.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88276133
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Peptide Elongation Factor Tu|*ME; Peptide Elongation Factors|*ME; RNA,
Bacterial|*ME; RNA, Ribosomal|*ME; RNA, Ribosomal, 23S|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Escherichia coli|GE; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Ribosomes|ME; Support, U.S.
Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0028-0836
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 25 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- A conserved epitope on several human vitamin K-dependent proteins. Location
of the antigenic site and influence of metal ions on antibody binding.
- Author
- Church WR; Messier T; Howard PR; Amiral J; Meyer D; Mann KG
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 May, 263:13, 6259-67
- Abstract
- A murine monoclonal antibody (designated H-11) produced by injecting mice
with purified human protein C was found to bind several human vitamin
K-dependent proteins. Using a solid-phase competitive radioimmunoassay with
antibody immobilized onto microtiter plates, binding of 125I-labeled protein C
to the antibody was inhibited by increasing amounts of protein C, prothrombin,
and Factors X and VII over a concentration range of 1 X 10(-8) to 1 X 10(-6) M.
Other vitamin K-dependent proteins including Factor IX and protein S did not
inhibit or inhibited only at the highest concentration binding of radiolabeled
protein C to the immobilized antibody. Chemical treatment of prothrombin with a
variety of agents including denaturation by sodium dodecyl sulfate, reduction
with mercaptoethanol followed by carboxymethylation with iodoacetic acid,
citraconylation of lysine residues, removal of metal ion with EDTA, or heat
decarboxylation did not destroy the antigenic site recognized by the antibody as
measured by immunoblotting of prothrombin or prothrombin derivative immobilized
onto nitrocellulose. Immunoblotting of purified vitamin K-dependent polypeptides
with the monoclonal antibody following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis and electrophoretic transfer to nitrocellulose indicated that
the antigenic site was found on the light chains of protein C and Factor X.
Chymotrypsin digestion of prothrombin and isolation on QAE-Sephadex of the
peptide representing amino-terminal residues 1-44 of prothrombin further
localized the antigenic site recognized by the monoclonal antibody to the highly
conserved gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing domain. The exact location of
the antigenic determinant for antibody H-11 was established using synthetic
peptides. Antibody H-11 bound specifically to synthetic peptides corresponding
to residues 1-12 of Factor VII and 1-22 of protein C. Comparison of protein
sequences of bovine and human vitamin K-dependent proteins suggests that the
sequence Phe-Leu-Glu-Glu-Xaa-Arg/Lys is required for antibody binding. The
glutamic acid residues in this peptide segment are the first 2
gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues near the amino-terminal end in the native
proteins. Increasing concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, or Mn2+ partially inhibited
binding of 125I-protein C to the antibody in a solid-phase assay system with
half-maximal binding observed at divalent metal ion concentrations of 2, 4, and
0.6 mM, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88198170
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antibodies, Monoclonal|*; Antibody Specificity|*; Blood Proteins|*AN;
Carrier Proteins|*AN; Epitopes|*AN; Metals|*ME; Vitamin K|*AN
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Factor IX|AN; Factor VII|AN; Factor X|AN; Glycoproteins|AN; Human;
Mice; Protein C|AN/IM; Prothrombin|AN; Radioimmunoassay; Support, Non-U.S.
Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 26 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Reduction of epidermal growth factor binding in human breast cancer cell
lines by an alkyl-lysophospholipid.
- Author
- Kosano H; Takatani O
- Address
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College,
Japan.
- Source
- Cancer Res, 1988 Nov, 48:21, 6033-6
- Abstract
- The effects of 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
(ET-18-OCH3), an alkyl lysophospholipid derivative, on the binding of epidermal
growth factor (EGF) to human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, ZR-75-1, and
BT-20), the human epidermoid cancer cell line (A431), and the rat fibroblast
cell line (NIH3T3) were investigated. The addition of 10 micrograms/ml
ET-18-OCH3 to the growth medium reduced the binding of EGF to hormone-dependent
breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and ZR-75-1) and A431 but did not change that to
the hormone-independent breast cancer cell line (BT-20). ET-18-OCH3 suppressed
the EGF-binding prior to the onset of its inhibitory action on cell growth in
MCF-7 and ZR-75-1. Scatchard plot analysis demonstrated that ET-18-OCH3 reduced
the number of EGF receptor sites without affecting the affinity of EGF receptors
in MCF-7 and ZR-75-1. Both EGF-binding and cell growth in NIH3T3 were not
changed by treatment with 10 micrograms/ml ET-18-OCH3. These results suggest
that ET-18-OCH3 inhibits the growth of hormone-dependent breast cancer cell
lines (MCF-7 and ZR-75-1) by reducing the binding capacity of EGF receptors and
consequently by disturbing the transfer of a variety of growth-promoting
signals.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89002775
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antineoplastic Agents|*PD; Breast Neoplasms|*ME; Epidermal Growth
Factor-Urogastrone|*ME; Phospholipid Ethers|*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Female; Human; Phosphatidylcholines|PD; Platelet Activating Factor|PD;
Protein Kinase C|PH; Receptors, Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone|AN; Tumor
Cells, Cultured
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0008-5472
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 27 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Heat shock response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Author
- Allan B; Linseman M; MacDonald LA; Lam JS; Kropinski AM
- Address
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Queen's University, Kingston,
Ontario, Canada.
- Source
- J Bacteriol, 1988 Aug, 170:8, 3668-74
- Abstract
- The general properties of the heat shock response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
were characterized. The transfer of cells from 30 to 45 degrees C repressed the
synthesis of many cellular proteins and led to the enhanced production of 17
proteins. With antibodies raised against the Escherichia coli proteins, two
polypeptides of P. aeruginosa with apparent molecular weights of 76,000 and
61,000 (76K and 61K proteins) were shown to be analogous to the DnaK and GroEL
heat shock proteins of E. coli due to their immunologic cross-reactivity. The
major sigma factor (sigma 87) of P. aeruginosa was shown to be a heat shock
protein that was immunologically related to the sigma 70 of E. coli by using
polyclonal antisera. A hybridoma was produced, and the monoclonal antibody
MP-S-1 was specific for the sigma 87 and did not cross-react with sigma 70 of E.
coli. A smaller 40K protein was immunoprecipitated with RNA polymerase antisera
from cells that had been heat shocked. The 40K protein was also associated with
RNA polymerase which had been purified from heat-shocked cells and may be the
heat shock sigma factor of P. aeruginosa. Exposure to ethanol resulted in the
production of seven new proteins, three of which appeared to be heat shock
proteins.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88298679
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Heat-Shock Proteins|*BI/IM; Pseudomonas aeruginosa|GE/*ME; Sigma
Factor|AN/*BI/IM; Transcription Factors|*BI
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Antibodies, Monoclonal|IM; Cross Reactions; Electrophoresis,
Polyacrylamide Gel; Escherichia coli|ME; Ethanol|PD; Heat; Hybridomas;
Immunoassay; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Transcription, Genetic
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9193
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 28 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- IGF receptors in myocardial capillary endothelium: potential regulation of
IGF-I transport to cardiac muscle.
- Author
- Bar RS; Boes M; Sandra A
- Address
- Veterans Administration Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
- Source
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1988 Apr, 152:1, 93-8
- Abstract
- Beating rat hearts were perfused with 125I-IGF-II alone or 125I-IGF-II and
unlabeled IGF-II or insulin, then prepared for radioautography. Maximal
125I-IGF-II grain counts over capillaries were decreased in a dose-dependent
manner by unlabeled IGF-II but were unaffected by coperfusion with insulin. To
determine a potential role for capillary receptors in the transfer of
circulating IGF to cardiac muscle, the effects of sequential loss of capillary
IGF binding sites was determined. For IGF-I, loss of capillary binding sites by
trypsin perfusion was accompanied by proportional decreases in the subsequent
appearance of IGF-I in cardiac muscle. In contrast, similar decrements of
capillary IGF-II binding did not affect muscle levels of IGF-II. We conclude
that capillary endothelium of the intact heart possesses distinct IGF-I and
IGF-II binding sites, with the capillary IGF-I binding sites being of potential
importance in the transfer of vascular IGF-I to subendothelial cardiac muscle.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88192684
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Endothelium, Vascular|*ME; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I|*ME; Myocardium|*ME;
Receptors, Insulin|*ME; Somatomedins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Capillaries|ME; Cells, Cultured; Coronary Vessels|ME; In Vitro;
Kinetics; Rats; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.;
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-291X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 29 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Effects of epidermal growth factor, insulin and insulin-like growth factor I
on rat pancreatic acinar cells cultured in serum-free medium.
- Author
- Brannon PM; Hirschi K; Korc M
- Address
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Arizona, Tucson
85721.
- Source
- Pancreas, 1988, 3:1, 41-8
- Abstract
- The effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, and insulin-like
growth factor I (IGF-I) were examined alone and in combination on rat pancreatic
acinar cells cultured 48 h in serum free medium. IGF-I at a concentration of 2.7
nM maintained viability of cultured acinar cells comparably to EGF. In contrast,
insulin was less effective in maintaining acinar viability, even at high
concentrations (170nM). There were no additive or interactive effects of these
growth factors on acinar viability. EGF significantly increased
[3H]-phenylalanine incorporation into acinar protein and the specific activity
of phenylalanine-acylated transfer RNA (tRNAphe), but did not change the
apparent rate of protein synthesis when compared with insulin of IGF-I. EGF with
insulin, IGF-I, or both resulted in significantly lower specific activities of
tRNAphe when compared to EGF alone, but all had comparable rates of total
phe-incorporation. Acinar cells readily degraded insulin, but not EGF or IGF-I.
These results demonstrate some specificity in the acinar requirement for growth
factors (EGF = IGF-I greater than insulin) in maintaining viability in culture.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88203576
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone|*PD; Insulin|*PD; Insulin-Like Growth
Factor I|*PD; Pancreas|*DE/ME; Somatomedins|*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Survival|DE; Cells, Cultured; Comparative Study; Culture Media;
Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0885-3177
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 30 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Biochemical and pharmacological characterization of human embryo-derived
platelet activating factor.
- Author
- Collier M; ONeill C; Ammit AJ; Saunders DM
- Address
- Human Reproduction Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW,
Australia.
- Source
- Hum Reprod, 1988 Nov, 3:8, 993-8
- Abstract
- The soluble platelet activating factor (PAF) produced by mouse embryos was
shown to have properties similar to
1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphocholine (PAF-acether). In this study PAF
was extracted from the medium in which human embryos were cultured for
approximately 18 h prior to transfer. The extracted embryo-derived PAF moved on
silica thin layer chromatograms with the same RF of 0.26 +/- 0.03 (n = 26) as
PAF-acether. Embryo-derived PAF or PAF-acether activity was assayed by
monitoring the decrease in the proportion of single platelets in rabbit whole
blood due to aggregation on incubation at 37 degrees C. The two agonists were
said to be of the same activity, if they induced the same degree of platelet
aggregation after 15 min incubation. PAF-acether (93 nM) and embryo-derived PAF
of similar activity induced an identical time response of platelet aggregation,
the response being maximal by 6 min. PAF-acether, over the range 5.6-200 nM,
induced a decrease that was linear when plotted on a log-log scale.
Embryo-derived PAF and PAF-acether (184 nM) gave identical dose responses when
serially diluted to 16 nM. Pharmacologically, the action of embryo-derived PAF
and PAF-acether (46 nM) on platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited by
3.75 microM of the PAF-specific receptor inhibitor, SRI 63-441, and completely
inhibited at 15 microM SRI 63-441. Embryo-derived PAF and PAF-acether (184 nM)
were inactivated to the same degree by incubation with 5-13 IU/ml phospholipase
A2 (pA2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89079863
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Embryo|*AN/ME; Platelet Activating Factor|*AN/BI/IP
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Biological Assay; Female; Human; Mice; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0268-1161
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 31 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Expression of functional human EGF receptor on murine bone marrow cells.
- Author
- von Rüden T; Wagner EF
- Address
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, FRG.
- Source
- EMBO J, 1988 Sep, 7:9, 2749-56
- Abstract
- The human epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGF-R) was introduced into
primary mouse bone marrow cells (BMC), utilizing retrovirus mediated gene
transfer. Cultivation of infected BMC in the presence of interleukin-3 (IL-3)
led to the outgrowth of IL-3 dependent myeloid cells, which efficiently
expressed functional EGF-R, exhibiting its two characteristic affinity states.
EGF acts on these cells synergistically with IL-3 in stimulating DNA synthesis
and cell proliferation even under IL-3 saturation conditions. However, EGF was
not sufficient to replace the requirement for IL-3. In contrast, EGF was able to
maintain proliferation of a factor-dependent hemopoietic cell line (FDC-P1)
infected with the EGF-R retrovirus in the absence of IL-3, but these cells did
not respond to EGF in the presence of IL-3. No influence of EGF on IL-3 induced
mast cell differentiation of BMC expressing the EGF-R could be observed by
histological criteria. These data show that the expression of EGF-R alone is not
sufficient to induce or maintain cell proliferation in IL-3 dependent bone
marrow derived cells, although it can do so in established hemopoietic cell
lines.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89030639
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Bone Marrow|*CY/ME; Gene Expression Regulation|*; Receptors, Epidermal
Growth Factor-Urogastrone|*BI/GE; Transfection|*
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Count; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cell Line; Cells,
Cultured; Comparative Study; DNA|BI; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Genetic
Vectors; Hematopoietic Stem Cells|CY/ME; Histocytochemistry; Interleukin-3|PH;
Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Retroviridae; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0261-4189
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 32 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- An inhibitory monoclonal antibody to factor X that blocks prothrombin
activation but not prothrombinase enzyme assembly.
- Author
- Church WR; Messier TL; Tucker MM; Mann KG
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.
- Source
- Blood, 1988 Dec, 72:6, 1911-21
- Abstract
- A monoclonal antibody (designated alpha BFX-2b) prepared against bovine
factor X inhibited factor X activity in human, bovine, porcine, rabbit, and
canine plasma. In assays using purified prothrombinase components, factor Xa,
factor Va, phospholipid vesicles, and calcium ion with the fluorescent active
site thrombin inhibitor dansylarginyl-N-(3-ethyl-1,5-pentanediyl)amide, the
antibody inhibited the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. Antibody alpha
BFX-2b also blocked prothrombinase cleavage of the macromolecular substrates
prethrombin 1 and prethrombin 2 but did not inhibit factor Xa hydrolysis of the
synthetic substrate benzoyl-Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg-p-nitroanilide. The antibody also
prevented the inactivation of factor Xa by antithrombin III but did not prevent
the inactivation by soybean trypsin inhibitor. Antibody alpha BFX-2b bound
factor Xa with a stoichiometry of 1:1 and an apparent dissociation constant of
9.0 x 10(-11) mol/L as estimated from its inhibition of prothrombinase activity.
Antibody alpha BFX-2b did not prevent binding of factor Xa to factor
Va-phospholipid as measured by using fluorescence polarization or high-pressure
liquid gel chromatography with the fluorescent Factor Xa analogue
dansyl-glutamyl-glycyl-arginyl-Xa. Immunoblotting of factor X following
electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gels and transfer to
nitrocellulose indicated that the antigenic determinant recognized by antibody
alpha BFX-2b was found on the heavy chain of factors X and Xa. From these
observations it can be concluded that antibody alpha BFX-2b recognizes a highly
conserved epitope on the factor X heavy chain that is remote from the
topographic sites required for prothrombinase complex assembly and substrate
hydrolysis but may be located at or near a portion of the macromolecular
substrate binding site.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89062726
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antibodies, Monoclonal|*IM; Factor X|AI/*IM; Prothrombin|*ME;
Thromboplastin|AI/*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Antithrombin III|ME; Cattle; Dogs; Enzyme Precursors|ME;
Epitopes|IM; Oligopeptides|ME; Protein Conformation; Rabbits; Serine
Proteinases|AI; Species Specificity; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Swine
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-4971
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 33 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Neuropeptide regulation of inflammatory and immunologic responses. The
capacity of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone to inhibit tumor necrosis
factor and IL-1-inducible biologic responses.
- Author
- Robertson B; Dostal K; Daynes RA
- Address
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City
84132.
- Source
- J Immunol, 1988 Jun, 140:12, 4300-7
- Abstract
- Administration of the pituitary hormone alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone
(alpha-MSH) to mice was found to inhibit a number of IL-1 and TNF-inducible
biologic responses in situ. The ability of either IL-1 or TNF to cause fever,
enhance plasma levels of acute phase proteins, and increase the numbers of
peripheral blood neutrophils was inhibited by the simultaneous peripheral
administration of this neuropeptide. In addition, alpha-MSH reversed the
depressive influences of IL-1 or TNF on the effector phase of contact
hypersensitivity (CH) responses in animals given an adoptive transfer of primed
lymphocytes from hapten-sensitized donors. Intracerebral injection of nanogram
quantities of alpha-MSH inhibited the ability of peripherally administered IL-1
or TNF to induce both fever and neutrophilia without affecting the increase in
plasma levels of serum amyloid P and fibrinogen. Also, nanogram quantities of
alpha-MSH given intracerebrally to normal mice did not reverse the depressed CH
responses observed after peripheral IL-1 or TNF administration. These findings
suggest that both fever and neutrophilia are linked to the direct action of IL-1
or TNF on the brain. This was supported by the observation that an intracerebral
injection of IL-1 or TNF in low doses increased core body temperature and
circulating neutrophil numbers without affecting plasma levels of acute phase
proteins or CH responsiveness. Our results provide additional support for the
hypothesis that bidirectional control exists between elements of the
neuroendocrine and immune systems.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88229144
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- alpha-MSH|AA/*AD; Amyloid Protein SAA|*ME; Fever|*CI/PC; Fibrinogen|*ME;
Interleukin-1|AD/*AI; Tumor Necrosis Factor|AD/*AI
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal|AD; Brain|DE; Dermatitis,
Contact|ET/PC; Female; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular;
Leukocyte Count|DE; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Neutrophils|DE; Recombinant
Proteins|AD; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-1767
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 34 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Comparison of mouse pro-1 and pro-2 transfectants for responses to tumor
promoters and antipromoters.
- Author
- Colburn NH; Smith BM; Wendel EJ; Nakamura Y; Winterstein D
- Address
- Cell Biology Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701.
- Source
- Cancer Res, 1988 Nov, 48:21, 6076-80
- Abstract
- A previous report demonstrated that mouse JB6 cells transformed to promotion
sensitive (P+) phenotype by transfection with an activated promotion sensitivity
(pro) gene showed both evidence for the presence of the transfected gene and
sensitivity to phorbol ester induced transformation similar to that observed in
parental P+ cells. In addition, pro-1 and pro-2 transfectants were similar to
each other in phorbol ester response. The current report extends these findings
to ask whether pro-1 or pro-2 transfectants are also sensitive to promotion of
transformation by other classes of tumor promoters such as epidermal growth
factor (EGF), lanthanides, and phthalate esters and to inhibition of phorbol
ester promoted transformation by several classes of antipromoters. The results
showed that both pro-1 and pro-2 transfectants resembled parental P+ cells in
sensitivity to promotion of anchorage independent transformation by lanthanides
and by diethylhexylphthalate. In addition both pro-1 and pro-2 transfectants
showed inhibition of phorbol ester induced transformation by antipromoters
ganglioside GT1b, ethylene glycol bis(beta-aminoethyl
ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, and forskolin. Thus the pathways implicated
by these inducers and inhibitors of transformation appear similar to those
implicated for parental P+ cells and similar when controlled by pro-1 or pro-2.
The single differential response was that of EGF-induced transformation. pro-2
transfectants but not pro-1 transfectants were sensitive to EGF-induced
neoplastic transformation. The nonresponsiveness could not be attributed to lack
of EGF receptors since 125I-EGF binding to pro-1 transfectants was similar to
that for pro-2 transfectants and parental P+ cells. Thus pro genes transfer
responsiveness to a C-kinase mediated promotion of transformation pathway and to
putatively non-C kinase pathways triggered by lanthanides or phthalate esters,
but not necessarily to an EGF receptor kinase mediated pathway.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89002783
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic|*DE; Transfection|*
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Line; Comparative Study; Diethylhexyl Phthalate|TO; Egtazic
Acid|PD; Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone|ME/PD; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C;
Protein Kinase C|PH; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.;
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0008-5472
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 35 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Activation of phospholipase D by chemotactic peptide in HL-60 granulocytes.
- Author
- Pai JK; Siegel MI; Egan RW; Billah MM
- Address
- Department of Allergy and Inflammation, Schering-Plough Corporation,
Bloomfield, NJ 07003.
- Source
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1988 Jan, 150:1, 355-64
- Abstract
- Activation of phospholipase D (PLD) has been investigated in
dimethylsulfoxide differentiated HL-60 granulocytes labeled in endogenous
1-0-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (alkyl-PC) by incubation with
[3H]alkyl-lysoPC. Stimulation of these labeled cells with the chemotactic
peptide, N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), induces rapid generation of
[3H]phosphatidic acid (PA) and slower formation of [3H]diglyceride, suggesting
hydrolysis of alkyl-PC by PLD. A unique feature of PLD is its ability to
transfer the phosphatidyl moiety of phospholipids to alcohols
(transphosphatidylation). This characteristic has been exploited to identify PLD
activity. For example, when ethanol is present during stimulation of the HL-60
cells, [3H]phosphatidylethanol (PEt) is formed with a concomitant decrease in
[3H]PA. Cells incubated with [32P]orthophosphate to label the terminal phosphate
of ATP do not incorporate 32P into PEt, consistent with the [3H]PEt not being
synthesized from [3H]diglyceride. In contrast, [3H]PA arises from both PLD and
diglyceride kinase activities. Furthermore, PEt synthesis closely parallels PA
formation and both are inhibited by an fMLP receptor antagonist, suggesting that
both PA and PEt are derived from agonist-stimulated PLD action. These
observations are consistent with phospholipase D-catalyzed breakdown of alkyl-PC
in fMLP- stimulated granulocytes.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88106608
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Granulocytes|DE/*EN; N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine|*PD;
Phospholipase D|*ME; Phospholipases|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Diglycerides|ME; Enzyme Activation; Ethanol|ME/PD; Human; Kinetics;
Leukemia, Myeloid|EN; Lysophosphatidylcholines|ME; Oligopeptides|PD;
Phosphates|ME; Phosphatidic Acids|BI; Phospholipid Ethers|ME; Platelet
Activating Factor|AA/ME; Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-291X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 36 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Elevated plasma atrial natriuretic factor and vasopressin in high-altitude
pulmonary edema.
- Author
- Cosby RL; Sophocles AM; Durr JA; Perrinjaquet CL; Yee B; Schrier RW
- Address
- University of Colorado School of Medicine.
- Source
- Ann Intern Med, 1988 Nov, 109:10, 796-9
- Abstract
- A diagnosis of acute high-altitude pulmonary edema was made in five male
skiers (age, 35.0 +/- 1.8 years) by history and physical examination and was
confirmed by a characteristic chest radiogram showing alveolar infiltrates
associated with a normal cardiac silhouette. Five healthy age- and sex-matched
subjects with similar physical activity at the same altitude served as controls.
Plasma sodium was 135.0 +/- 1.5 mmol/L in the acutely ill patients compared with
144.0 +/- 3.3 mmol/L in the controls (P less than 0.025). Mean plasma atrial
natriuretic factor immunoreactivity averaged 17.6 +/- 5.6 pmol/L in patients
with high-altitude pulmonary edema compared with 6.8 +/- 0.7 pmol/L in the
controls at the same altitude (P less than 0.05). Elevated atrial natriuretic
factor levels normalized to 7.5 +/- 1.9 pmol/L (P less than 0.05) during
recovery in Denver (altitude, 1600 meters) 24 hours later. Plasma arginine
vasopressin levels were 1.8 +/- 0.37 pmol/L in patients with high-altitude
pulmonary edema at diagnosis compared with 0.92 +/- 0.28 pmol/L in controls (P =
0.07). The inappropriately elevated arginine vasopressin levels decreased to
1.29 +/- 0.37 pmol/L during recovery (P less than 0.025), but the lowered plasma
sodium concentration had not normalized by discharge within 24-hours of transfer
to Denver and averaged 135.8 +/- 1.2 mmol/L. The pathophysiologic implications
of these findings are discussed.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89048658
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Altitude Sickness|*BL; Anoxia|*BL; Argipressin|*BL; Atrial Natriuretic
Factor|*BL; Pulmonary Edema|*BL/ET
- MeSH Heading
- Acute Disease; Adult; Aldosterone|BL; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Creatinine|BL;
Human; Male; Renin|BL; Sodium|BL; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't,
P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0003-4819
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 37 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Tumor necrosis factor (cachectin) mediates induction of cachexia by cord
factor from mycobacteria.
- Author
- Silva CL; Faccioli LH
- Address
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine
of RibeirÃao Preto, University of SÃao Paulo, Brazil.
- Source
- Infect Immun, 1988 Dec, 56:12, 3067-71
- Abstract
- The mechanism by which cord factor (CF), a toxic glycolipid from
mycobacteria, induces cachexia was studied in BALB/c mice. Body weight was
markedly reduced 48 h after CF administration; the animals became severely
wasted and exhibited hypertriglyceridemia, hypoglycemia, and high levels of
tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in plasma. After CF administration, a transferable
factor which caused cachexia and hypertriglyceridemia in recipient mice was
detected in the blood. Dexamethasone partially inhibited the cachexia-inducing
action of CF. Conditioned medium from adherent peritoneal cell cultures
incubated with CF produced the same wasting symptoms when inoculated
intravenously into mice. These studies also demonstrated that adherent
peritoneal cells produced a humoral factor in response to CF which was related
to CF-induced cachexia. Antiserum to recombinant TNF-alpha prevented the
cachectin action in passive-transfer experiments. Our findings indicate that
cachectin (TNF) plays a role as a central mediator of the wasting induced by CF.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89032595
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Cachexia|*ET/PP; Cord Factors|*PD; Glycolipids|*PD; Tumor Necrosis
Factor|*PH
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Dexamethasone|PD; Macrophages|PH; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C;
Mycobacterium bovis; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Triglycerides|BL
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0019-9567
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 38 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Factor XIII cross-linking of fibronectin at cellular matrix assembly sites.
- Author
- Barry EL; Mosher DF
- Address
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Medical
School, Madison 53706.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Jul, 263:21, 10464-9
- Abstract
- We describe the effect of activated Factor XIII (Factor XIIIa, plasma
transglutaminase) on the incorporation of plasma fibronectin into extracellular
matrix by cultured human fibroblasts. In the absence of added Factor XIIIa,
fibronectin binds to cultured fibroblast cell layers and is assembled into
disulfide-bonded multimers of the extracellular matrix. When Factor XIIIa was
included in the binding medium of skin fibroblasts, accumulation of
125I-fibronectin in the deoxycholate-insoluble matrix was increased. Fibronectin
accumulating in the cell layer was cross-linked into nonreducible high molecular
weight aggregates. The 70-kDa amino-terminal fragment of fibronectin inhibited
the binding and cross-linking of 125I-fibronectin to cell layers, whereas
fibrinogen had little effect. When 125I-fibronectin was incubated with isolated
matrices or with cell layers pretreated with cytochalasin B, it did not bind and
could not be cross-linked by Factor XIIIa into the matrix. HT-1080 human
fibrosarcoma cells bound exogenous fibronectin following treatment with
dexamethasone; Factor XIIIa cross-linked the bound fibronectin and caused its
efficient transfer to the deoxycholate-insoluble matrix. These results indicate
that exogenous fibronectin is susceptible to Factor XIIIa-catalyzed
cross-linking at cellular sites of matrix assembly. Thus, Factor XIIIa-mediated
fibronectin cross-linking complements disulfide-bonded multimer formation in the
stabilization of assembling fibronectin molecules and thus enhances the
formation of extracellular matrix.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88273153
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Extracellular Matrix|*ME; Factor XIII|*ME; Fibronectins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Cell Line; Cross-Linking Reagents; Fibroblasts|ME; Human; Kinetics; Male;
Molecular Weight; Skin; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 39 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Transforming growth factor beta as a potent promoter in two-stage BALB/c 3T3
cell transformation.
- Author
- Hamel E; Katoh F; Mueller G; Birchmeier W; Yamasaki H
- Address
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
- Source
- Cancer Res, 1988 May, 48:10, 2832-6
- Abstract
- We have tested transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) in the two-stage
BALB/c 3T3 cell transformation assay for possible tumor-promoting activity,
since it has several effects similar to those of tumor-promoting phorbol esters.
After initiation of BALB/c 3T3 cells with 3-methylchol-anthrene, treatment with
TGF beta at 1 ng/ml alone or in combination with epidermal growth factor (EGF)
for 4 weeks enhanced the number of transformed foci by 5- to 6-fold in
comparison with uninitiated cells. Initiation treatment alone induced no or very
few transformed foci in several assays. Treatment with phorbol-12,13-didecanoate
(PDD) at 100 ng/ml for 4 weeks enhanced the number of transformed foci in
initiated BALB/c 3T3 cells by 4- to 5-fold in comparison with uninitiated cells.
Thus, TGF beta at 1 ng/ml is as potent as PDD at 100 ng/ml for tumor-promoting
activity in the two-stage BALB/c 3T3 cell transformation assay. The enhancing
effect of TGF beta was dose-related in the dose range tested (0.03-1 ng/ml) and
was not reversible. Some of the foci induced by combined MCA-TGF beta-EGF
treatment were cloned, and eight out of nine clones tested produced tumors in
nude mice. TGF beta (1 ng/ml) plus EGF (2 ng/ml) increased the saturation
density to a similar extent as PDD (100 ng/ml) but did not affect the growth of
BALB/c 3T3 cells. We observed no change in junctional intercellular
communication, as measured by the dye transfer method, when cells were treated
with TGF beta during the two-stage BALB/c 3T3 cell transformation assay.
Nevertheless, there was selective communication between transformed and
surrounding nontransformed cells; MCA-TGF beta transformed cells
intercommunicated among themselves but not with surrounding nontransformed
cells. Our results indicate that TGF beta has potent tumor-promoting activity in
vitro, but that this activity is not mediated by a complete blockage of
intercellular communication, as is suggested for phorbol ester tumor promoters.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88194347
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic|*DE; Peptides|*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Communication|DE; Cell Line; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug;
Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone|PD; Methylcholanthrene; Mice; Phorbol
Esters|PD; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0008-5472
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 40 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- The effect of tumor necrosis factor/cachectin on follicle-stimulating
hormone-induced aromatase activity in cultured rat granulosa cells.
- Author
- Emoto N; Baird A
- Address
- Laboratories for Neuroendocrinology, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.
- Source
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1988 Jun, 153:2, 792-8
- Abstract
- We investigated the effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/cachectin on
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced aromatase activity in cultured rat
granulosa cells using the stereospecific transfer of 3H from [1 beta-3H]
androstenedione into 3H2O. TNF (10 pg/ml-10 ng/ml) inhibited FSH (250
ng/ml)-induced aromatase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, and 10
ng/ml of TNF completely abolished the FSH-induced aromatase activity. A time
course analysis of the effects of TNF showed that TNF had no effect on induced
aromatase activity, but inhibited the further induction of the enzyme by FSH.
TNF (10 ng/ml) also inhibited the ability of TGF beta (1 ng/ml) to enhance
aromatase activity and increase progesterone synthesis. Thus, TNF is a component
of the complex array of proteins that modulate ovarian function and, as such,
may play a physiological role in the regulation of the granulosa cell. In view
of its association with cachexia, it may also play a pathophysiological role in
the suppression of reproductive function during chronic illness.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88251418
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aromatase|*ME; FSH|*PD; Granulosa Cells|*ME; Tumor Necrosis Factor|*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cells, Cultured; Female; In Vitro; Peptides|PD; Progesterone|BI;
Rats; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Time Factors
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-291X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 41 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Endothelial cell hyperplasia in human glioblastoma: coexpression of mRNA for
platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B chain and PDGF receptor suggests
autocrine growth stimulation.
- Author
- Hermansson M; Nistér M; Betsholtz C; Heldin CH; Westermark B; Funa K
- Address
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala Branch, University Hospital,
Sweden.
- Source
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1988 Oct, 85:20, 7748-52
- Abstract
- The genes for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A chain, B chain/c-sis,
and the PDGF receptor are expressed in human malignant glioma cell lines. In the
present investigation we have studied the expression of these genes in biopsy
specimens from human glioblastomas. Hyperplasia of the vascular endothelium is a
prominent characteristic of human glioblastoma multiforme and simian sarcoma
virus-induced gliomas in primates. RNA transfer blot analysis of biopsies from
glioblastoma multiforme showed transcripts for PDGF A and B chains and the PDGF
receptor. Tissue sections from this tumor examined by in situ hybridization
techniques revealed that the proliferating vascular endothelial cells contained
large quantities of mRNA for PDGF B chain/c-sis and its receptor and, to a
lesser extent, for PDGF A chain. In contrast, the tumor cells expressed more
mRNA for PDGF A chain than for PDGF B chain and PDGF receptor. The latter two
were also expressed at higher levels in glioma cells than in glial cells of
nontumorous human brain tissue. Thus, an autocrine stimulation by the PDGF B
chain/c-sis product via its receptor, evoked by interaction with surrounding
glioma cells, could be the mechanism behind the pathological proliferation of
endothelial cells characteristically found in this type of malignancy.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89017275
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Brain Neoplasms|*GE/PA; Endothelium, Vascular|*PA; Glioblastoma|*GE/PA;
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor|*GE; Receptors, Cell Surface|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Blotting, Northern; Cell Division; Gene Expression Regulation;
Glioma|GE/PA; Human; Hyperplasia; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry;
Nucleic Acid Hybridization; RNA, Messenger|BI; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Tumor
Cells, Cultured
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 42 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Induction of maturation in cumulus cell-enclosed mouse oocytes by
follicle-stimulating hormone and epidermal growth factor: evidence for a
positive stimulus of somatic cell origin.
- Author
- Downs SM; Daniel SA; Eppig JJ
- Address
- Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609.
- Source
- J Exp Zool, 1988 Jan, 245:1, 86-96
- Abstract
- The efficacy of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), epidermal growth factor
(EGF), and dibutyryl cGMP (dbcGMP) as inducers of germinal vesicle breakdown
(GVBD) in cumulus cell-enclosed mouse oocytes was examined when meiotic arrest
was maintained in vitro with purines, dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), or the
phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). When FSH was
added to hypoxanthine (HX)-containing medium, the effect on oocyte maturation
was at first inhibitory and later stimulatory. EGF stimulated GVBD at all time
points tested. FSH and EGF also induced GVBD when oocytes were arrested with
dbcAMP, IBMX, or guanosine. Dibutyryl cGMP stimulated GVBD when meiotic arrest
was maintained with HX, but not when oocytes were meiotically arrested with
guanosine, and was inhibitory in dbcAMP-supplemented medium. FSH and dbcGMP
produced a transient delay of oocyte maturation in control medium, but the FSH
effect was much more pronounced. EGF had no effect on maturation kinetics. The
actions of FSH and EGF required the presence of cumulus cells. Both agents
significantly stimulated cAMP production in oocyte-cumulus cell complexes. A
brief exposure of complexes to a high concentration of dbcAMP induced GVBD,
suggesting that FSH and EGF may act via a cAMP-dependent process. The frequency
of FSH- and EGF-induced GVBD in cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes was significantly
higher than the frequency of GVBD when oocytes were cultured while denuded of
cumulus cells. of maturation is apparently not mediated solely by oocyte-cumulus
cell uncoupling and termination of the transfer of an inhibitory meiotic signal
from cumulus cells to the oocyte. The data suggest the generation of a positive
signal within cumulus cells in response to hormone treatment that acts upon the
oocyte to stimulate GVBD in the continued presence of inhibitory factors.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88171350
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone|*PD; FSH|*PD; Oocytes|*CY/DE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Bucladesine|PD; Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP|PD; Guanosine|PD; Kinetics;
Meiosis|DE; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-104X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 43 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- A cDNA clone for cytotactin contains sequences similar to epidermal growth
factor-like repeats and segments of fibronectin and fibrinogen.
- Author
- Jones FS; Burgoon MP; Hoffman S; Crossin KL; Cunningham BA; Edelman GM
- Address
- Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021.
- Source
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1988 Apr, 85:7, 2186-90
- Abstract
- Cytotactin is an extracellular glycoprotein that influences neuron-glia
interactions. It has been shown to appear in multiple forms that are
differentially expressed in neural and non-neural tissues during vertebrate
development. We report here the isolation and characterization of a cytotactin
cDNA clone (lambda C801) that encodes 933 amino acids, equivalent to about half
of a cytotactin polypeptide. Clone lambda C801 is an authentic cytotactin cDNA:
it encodes a polypeptide that reacts with a monoclonal anti-cytotactin antibody
and its deduced amino acid sequence is identical for 15 amino acids to the
directly determined sequence of a CNBr fragment that reacted with the same
antibody. Southern blot analyses with fragments of lambda C801 suggested that
there may be only one cytotactin gene, but RNA transfer blots detected multiple
mRNAs ranging in size from 6.5 to 8.0 kilobases. An 8.0-kilobase message and a
Mr 240,000 cytotactin polypeptide were present in embryonic gizzard but not
brain, while a 7.2-kilobase message and a Mr 220,000 polypeptide were present in
brain but not gizzard. These results indicate that differential splicing of
primary transcripts of the cytotactin gene yields various site-specific
polypeptides. Sequence analyses of lambda C801 indicated that it specifies a
region with extensive similarities to other proteins: the sequence begins with
four consecutive epidermal growth factor-like repeats that are followed by eight
segments that closely resemble each other and the type III repeats in
fibronectin, and it ends with a 66 amino acid sequence similar to part of the
beta and gamma chains of fibrinogen. One fibronectin-like repeat contains a
single Arg-Gly-Asp sequence. The similarities with all three of these apparently
unrelated proteins are extensive, suggesting that cytotactin has an evolutionary
and possibly a functional relationship to each.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88176910
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Glycoproteins|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Amino Acid Sequence; Animal; Base Sequence; Chick Embryo; Comparative Study;
DNA|GE; Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone|GE; Fibrinogen|GE; Fibronectins|GE;
Molecular Sequence Data; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Support, Non-U.S.
Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 44 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- The product of the F plasmid transfer operon gene, traF, is a periplasmic
protein.
- Author
- Wu JH; Kathir P; Ippen Ihler K
- Address
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Texas A & M
University, College Station 77843.
- Source
- J Bacteriol, 1988 Aug, 170:8, 3633-9
- Abstract
- The products of clones carrying the F plasmid transfer operon gene, traF,
were analyzed. Proteins expressed in maxicells were labeled with [35S]methionine
and examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and
autoradiography. Clones carrying the wild-type traF gene expressed two
polypeptide products that were not products of clones containing the traF13
amber mutation. These migrated with apparent molecular weights (Ma) of 27,000
and 25,000. A pulse-chase experiment suggested that the larger product was a
precursor of the smaller one. In the presence of ethanol, the Ma-27,000
polypeptide accumulated and the Ma-25,000 product was not expressed. These
results indicated that the traF protein undergoes proteolytic processing
associated with export. Cell fractionation experiments further indicated that
the greatest concentration of the mature (Ma 25,000) TraF protein was located in
the periplasm. The DNA sequence of traF and the position of the transition
mutation in traF13 DNA were also determined. Sequence analysis suggested that
traF would be expressed as a 247-amino-acid, Mr-28,006 polypeptide. The 19 amino
acids at the amino terminus of this polypeptide appear to constitute a typical
membrane leader peptide, while the remainder of the molecule (Mr 25,942) is
predicted to be primarily hydrophilic in character.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88298674
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Bacterial Proteins|AN/*GE; Escherichia coli|AN/*GE; F Factor|*; Operon|*
- MeSH Heading
- Autoradiography; Base Sequence; Cell Fractionation; Electrophoresis,
Polyacrylamide Gel; Genes, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Protein
Precursors|AN; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9193
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 45 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Immunologic and clinical studies on murine experimental autoimmune gastritis
induced by neonatal thymectomy.
- Author
- Fukuma K; Sakaguchi S; Kuribayashi K; Chen WL; Morishita R; Sekita K; Uchino
H; Masuda T
- Address
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
- Source
- Gastroenterology, 1988 Feb, 94:2, 274-83
- Abstract
- Experimental autoimmune gastritis (AIG), defined by the appearance of auto
antibodies to parietal cells, was induced by neonatal thymectomy in BALB/c
nu/+mice 3 days after birth. Vitamin B12 absorption and intrinsic factor in the
stomach extract decreased compared with those in AIG-negative control groups. No
decrease of the serum A/G ratio in AIG-bearing mice was observed. Although
development of anemia, as evaluated by a decrease in hematocrit value, was poor
until 12 mo of age and the gastric mucosa was hypertrophic, the AIG resembled
human pernicious anemia rather than Ménétrier's disease. Adoptive transfer of
spleen cells, but not sera, of AIG-bearing nu/+ into BALB/c nu/nu mice caused
AIG in all animals 1 mo later, indicating the involvement of lymphocytes in the
induction mechanism of AIG. Cytofluorometric and immunohistochemical analysis of
lymphocytes in the gastric mucosa revealed T-cell infiltration at an early stage
(1.5-3 mo) followed by B cell infiltration (6 mo). When the fraction enriched
with parietal cells, which were intensively stained with sera of AIG-bearing
mice and fluorescent antibody to mouse immunoglobulin G, was injected into the
foot pads of AIG-bearing nude mice, typical delayed-type hypersensitivity
reaction was observed in all animals. This was not seen in the mice injected
with the cell fraction enriched with chief cells, although a few of them were
stained by the immunofluorescent technique. Thus, the delayed-type
hypersensitivity reaction seems to be directly involved in the mechanism of
tissue damage.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88084259
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Autoimmune Diseases|*IM/ME/PA; Gastritis|*IM/ME/PA
- MeSH Heading
- Anemia, Pernicious|IM/PA; Animal; Animals, Newborn; Antigen-Antibody
Complex|AN; Autoantibodies|AN; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gastric
Mucosa|IM/PA; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immunization, Passive; Intrinsic
Factor|ME; Lymphocytes|CL/IM; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude;
Parietal Cells, Gastric|IM; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Thymectomy; Vitamin B 12|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0016-5085
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 46 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- R-plasmids in Salmonella isolates from sporadic cases of gastroenteritis.
- Author
- Filetici E; Martini A; Magni L; Fantasia M
- Address
- Laboratorio di Batteriologia e Micologia Medica, Istituto Superiore di
SanitÄa, Rome, Italy.
- Source
- Eur J Epidemiol, 1988 Sep, 4:3, 366-70
- Abstract
- Five-hundred and twenty seven strains of Salmonella isolated from different
patients admitted to hospitals in Rome from 1982 to 1985 were screened for their
resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Sixty-one strains (11.6%) were found to be
resistant to two or more antibiotics; the most frequent resistances were to
sulfathiazole, streptomycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and ampicillin. Of
the thirty-eight strains showing resistance to three or more antibiotics, 17
were able to transfer their resistance to E. coli K 12. The isolates were
heterogeneous in plasmid population: only few strains harbored a sole plasmid,
most harbored many plasmids ranging between 20 and 120 megadaltons in weight.
Most strains were found to carry a conjugative plasmid of incompatibility group
Inc H of 100-120 megadaltons and Inc I alpha of 60-70 megadaltons.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89031155
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- R Factors|*GE; Salmonella|DE/*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Antibiotics|PD; Colicins|BI; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Escherichia
coli|DE/GE; F Factor|DE; Gastroenteritis|MI; Human; In Vitro
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0393-2990
- Country of Publication
- ITALY
Record 47 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- The effects of alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide on steroidogenesis
by fetal zone cells of the human fetal adrenal gland.
- Author
- Carr BR; Mason JI
- Address
- Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.
- Source
- Am J Obstet Gynecol, 1988 Dec, 159:6, 1361-5
- Abstract
- The human fetal adrenal gland is primarily composed of fetal zone cells,
which exhibit a high rate of steroidogenesis and a rapid growth rate during
fetal life. alpha-Human atrial natriuretic polypeptide has been shown to inhibit
basal and adrenocorticotropic hormone-stimulated steroidogenesis in the human
adult and in some human adrenal adenoma cells. The purpose of this investigation
was to determine the effect of atrial natriuretic polypeptide on steroidogenesis
by fetal zone cells. Dispersed fetal zone cells were incubated in Krebs-Ringer's
medium with adrenocorticotropic hormone, forskolin, 22R-hydroxycholesterol, or
dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate and in the presence of atrial
natriuretic polypeptide. The medium was analyzed for content of
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cortisol by radioimmunoassay. The addition of
adrenocorticotropic hormone, forskolin, 22R-hydroxycholesterol, or dibutyryl
cyclic adenosine monophosphate increased the secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone
sulfate and cortisol twofold to threefold and twofold to sixfold, respectively,
above basal rates. Atrial natriuretic polypeptide significantly inhibited basal
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and cortisol secretion. When cells were incubated
in the presence of adrenocorticotropic hormone, forskolin,
22R-hydroxycholesterol, or dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate plus atrial
natriuretic polypeptide, cortisol secretion was inhibited 50% to 90% and
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate was inhibited 25% to 50%. Atrial natriuretic
polypeptide had no effect on the metabolism of progesterone tagged with carbon
14 in fetal zone cells. In conclusion, atrial natriuretic polypeptide inhibited
basal and adrenocorticotropic hormone-stimulated steroid secretion by fetal zone
cells. Furthermore, these results suggested that the action of atrial
natriuretic polypeptide was by inhibition of cholesterol side-chain cleavage or
transfer of cholesterol to the mitochondrion.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89086498
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Adrenal Glands|CY/*EM/ME; Atrial Natriuretic Factor|*PD; Fetus|*ME; Peptide
Fragments|*PD; Steroids|*BI
- MeSH Heading
- Bucladesine|PD; Cells, Cultured; Corticotropin|PD; Forskolin|PD; Human;
Hydroxycholesterols|PD; Progesterone|ME; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0002-9378
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 48 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Marked acceleration of the autoimmune disease in MRL-lpr/lpr mice by the
influence of the Yaa gene from BXSB mice.
- Author
- Miyawaki S; Nakamura Y; Takeshita T; Yoshida H; Shibata Y; Mitsuoka S
- Address
- Research Laboratories, Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan.
- Source
- Lab Anim Sci, 1988 Jun, 38:3, 266-72
- Abstract
- MRL-lpr, Yaa males were developed by the transfer of the Yaa gene from BXSB
males to the MRL-lpr strain. The early-onset autoimmune disease of MRL-lpr males
was accelerated further by the action of Yaa. All the serological parameters of
autoimmune disease examined, i.e., anti-DNA antibodies, rheumatoid factors and
circulating immune complexes were elevated earlier in MRL-lpr, Yaa males than in
MRL-lpr males. Consequently, the MRL-lpr, Yaa males showed the clinical signs of
an earlier and more rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis as compared with
MRL-lpr males. The lifespan of MRL-lpr, Yaa males was shortened by about 50% in
comparison to MRL-lpr males, with 90% of MRL-lpr, Yaa males dead by about 4
months of age. The clinical features and overall intensity of the autoimmune
responses in the terminal stages appeared to be similar in both MRL-lpr, Yaa and
MRL-lpr males. Thus, Yaa appeared merely to accelerate the disease course of
MRL-lpr males, without altering the essential nature of the disease.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88317514
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Autoimmune Diseases|GE/IM/MO/*VE; Mice, Inbred Strains|*; Mice,
Transgenic|*; Rodent Diseases|*GE/IM/MO
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Antibodies|AN; Antigen-Antibody Complex|AN; Comparative Study;
DNA|IM; DNA, Single-Stranded|IM; Female; Glomerulonephritis|VE; Immune Complex
Diseases|VE; Lymph Nodes|PA; Lymphocyte Transformation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred
C57BL; Rheumatoid Factor|AN; T-Lymphocytes|IM
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0023-6764
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 49 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Effect of the vasodilator peptides calcitonin gene-related peptide and
atriopeptin on rabbit microvascular blood flow. Preliminary communication.
- Author
- Knight KR; Martin TJ; Coe SA; OBrien BM
- Address
- Microsurgery Research Centre, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
- Source
- Br J Plast Surg, 1988 Mar, 41:2, 147-9
- Abstract
- A neuropeptide known as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been
shown to have vasodilatory properties in the rabbit epigastric island flap of
almost equivalent potency to prostacyclin. The latter is currently regarded as
the most potent vasodilator yet to be isolated. CGRP, with its longer-lasting
effect in blood and its ability to overcome noradrenaline-induced vasospasm, may
be promising for use during or after ischaemic flap transfer or replantation.
Another known vasodilatory peptide, atriopeptin, was not as potent in the
microvascular bed of the cutaneous flap as in major blood vessels.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88164093
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor|*PD; Neuropeptides|*PD; Surgical Flaps|*;
Vasodilator Agents|*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Microcirculation|DE; Rabbits; Regional Blood Flow|DE; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0007-1226
- Country of Publication
- SCOTLAND
Record 50 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- An ELISA for IgA, IgG and IgM-RF measurement. I. Parameters of the assay.
- Author
- Ruschen S; Lemm G; Warnatz H
- Address
- Dept. Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Katholisches Krankenhaus
Essen-Werden.
- Source
- Scand J Rheumatol Suppl, 1988, 75:, 32-5
- Abstract
- A simple and rapid solid phase ELISA for the stepless determination of IgA,
IgG and IgM-RF was developed. The ELISA works with Fc parts of human IgG as
antigen. Specificity, validity and precision were tested. RF complex
dissociation by urea and separation by gel filtration was performed in several
samples to obtain information of the transfer of non-RF-IgG by pentameric
IgM-RF. The RF-ELISA may give better information on the significance of RF of
the three Ig classes in the clinical course of RA.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89186687
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay|*MT; IgA|*IM; IgG|*IM; IgM|*IM; Rheumatoid
Factor|*AN
- MeSH Heading
- Calibration; False Positive Reactions; Human; Sensitivity and Specificity;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0301-3847
- Country of Publication
- SWEDEN
Record 51 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Evidence that DNA helicase I and oriT site-specific nicking are both
functions of the F TraI protein.
- Author
- Traxler BA; Minkley EG Jr
- Address
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh,
PA 15213.
- Source
- J Mol Biol, 1988 Nov, 204:1, 205-9
- Abstract
- Site-specific and strand-specific nicking at the origin of transfer (oriT)
of the F sex factor is the initial step in conjugal DNA metabolism. Then, DNA
helicase I, the product of the traI gene, processively unwinds the plasmid from
the nick site to generate the single strand of DNA that is transferred to the
recipient. The nick at oriT is produced by the combined action of two Tra
proteins, TraY and TraZ. The traZ gene was never precisely mapped, as no
available point mutation uniquely affected TraZ-dependent oriT nicking. With
several new mutations, we have demonstrated that TraZ activity is dependent upon
traI DNA sequences. The simplest interpretation of this finding is that the F
TraI protein is bifunctional, with DNA unwinding and site-specific DNA nicking
activities.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89110998
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Bacterial Proteins|*GE; DNA Helicases|*GE; F Factor|*
- MeSH Heading
- Binding Sites; Conjugation, Genetic; DNA, Bacterial|ME; Genes, Bacterial;
Mutation; Plasmids; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Transfection
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-2836
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 52 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Plasmids can stably transform yeast mitochondria lacking endogenous mtDNA.
- Author
- Fox TD; Sanford JC; McMullin TW
- Address
- Section of Genetics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
- Source
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1988 Oct, 85:19, 7288-92
- Abstract
- The mitochondrial gene oxi1, carried on a bacterial plasmid, has been used
to transform the mitochondria of a yeast strain lacking mtDNA (rho0). The
plasmid DNA behaved in a manner entirely consistent with the known properties of
normal yeast rho- mtDNA after its introduction by high-velocity microprojectile
bombardment. Like the mtDNA sequences retained in natural rho- strains, the
plasmid DNA in the transformants was reiterated into concatemers whose size was
indistinguishable from that of wild-type mtDNA. The oxi1 sequences in the
transformants were surrounded by restriction sites derived from the plasmid that
were not present in wild-type mtDNA. oxi1 genetic information in these
"synthetic rho-" strains could be expressed in diploids either after "marker
rescue" by recombination with rho+ mtDNA carrying an appropriate oxi1 point
mutation or in trans during the growth of diploids heteroplasmic for both the
plasmid-derived oxi1 sequences and rho+ mtDNA with oxi1 deleted. The ability to
generate such "synthetic rho-" strains by transformation will allow transfer of
mutations generated in vitro to wild-type rho+ mtDNA as well as examination of
the function of altered genes in trans.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89017183
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- DNA, Mitochondrial|*DF; Plasmids|*; Saccharomyces cerevisiae|*GE;
Transformation, Genetic|*
- MeSH Heading
- Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific|ME; Rho Factor; Support, U.S.
Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 53 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The role of a template sugar-phosphate backbone in the ribosomal decoding
mechanism. Comparative study of poly(U) and poly(dT) template activity.
- Author
- Potapov AP; Soldatkin KA; Soldatkin AP; Elskaya AV
- Address
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ukrainian SSR Academy of
Sciences, Kiev, U.S.S.R.
- Source
- J Mol Biol, 1988 Oct, 203:4, 885-93
- Abstract
- To study the role of a template sugar-phosphate backbone in the ribosomal
decoding process, poly(U), poly(dT) and poly(dU)-directed cell-free amino acid
incorporation was investigated under the influence of neomycin and high
concentrations of Mg2+. The specificity of a factor-dependent translation system
of Escherichia coli was shown to change according to the principle: "either
ribo- or deoxyribopolynucleotide messenger". Poly(dT) is shown to be effectively
translated in the absence of elongation factors, both at low (2 degrees C) and
high (37 degrees C) temperature. Neomycin inhibits factor-free poly(dT)
translation. Little or no poly(U) translation is observed in this system. A
chromatographic analysis of the oligophenylalanine residues synthesized seems to
show that translocation is the main step responsible for ribosome specificity to
the ribo- or deoxyribopolynucleotide template in both factor-dependent and
factor-free translation systems.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89094865
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Poly T|*GE; Poly U|*GE; Polydeoxyribonucleotides|*GE; Ribosomes|*; RNA,
Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific|*GE; RNA, Transfer, Phe|*GE; Translation,
Genetic|*
- MeSH Heading
- Cell-Free System; Escherichia coli; Kinetics; Peptides|BI; RNA,
Bacterial|GE; RNA, Messenger|GE
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-2836
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 54 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The transfer factor and its subdivisions in patients with pulmonary emboli.
- Author
- Fennerty AG; Gunawardena KA; Smith AP
- Address
- Department of Chest Diseases, Llandough Hospital, Penarth, South Glamorgan.
- Source
- Eur Respir J, 1988 Feb, 1:2, 98-101
- Abstract
- The carbon monoxide transfer factor and its subdivisions, the pulmonary
membrane diffusing capacity and the pulmonary capillary volume were measured in
fourteen subjects following submassive pulmonary emboli, as demonstrated by a
ventilation-perfusion scan, and in fourteen matched controls. Transfer factor
and alveolar volume were significantly lower in patients with pulmonary emboli
(p less than 0.02). Patients were given six weeks anticoagulant therapy and the
measurements repeated three months later. There was a significant increase in
the transfer factor and the alveolar volume (p less than 0.01) and the membrane
diffusing capacity (p less than 0.05). It has previously been assumed that the
reduction in the transfer factor following a pulmonary embolus is due to a
reduction in the pulmonary capillary volume. Results of this study however,
suggest that it is more likely to be due to a loss of alveolar volume, at least
in subjects with submassive emboli.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88196315
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Carbon Monoxide|*PH; Pulmonary Circulation|*; Pulmonary Diffusing
Capacity|*; Pulmonary Embolism|*PP
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Breath Tests; Capillaries|PP; Female; Human; Lung Volume
Measurements; Male; Middle Age; Pulmonary Alveoli|PP
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0903-1936
- Country of Publication
- DENMARK
Record 55 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Peptide elongation factor 1 from yeasts: purification and biochemical
characterization of peptide elongation factors 1 alpha and 1 beta (gamma) from
Saccharomyces carlsbergensis and Schizosaccharomyces pombe [published erratum
appears in J Biochem (Tokyo) 1988 May;103(5):900]
- Author
- Miyazaki M; Uritani M; Fujimura K; Yamakatsu H; Kageyama T; Takahashi K
- Address
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Science, Nagoya University,
Aichi.
- Source
- J Biochem (Tokyo), 1988 Mar, 103:3, 508-21
- Abstract
- Cytoplasmic elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) [corrected] was purified
to homogeneity in high yield from the two different yeasts Saccharomyces
carlsbergensis (S. carls.) and Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe). The
purification was easily achieved by CM-Sephadex column chromatography of the
breakthrough fractions from DEAE-Sephadex chromatography of cell-free extracts.
The basic proteins have a molecular weight of 47,000 for the S. carls. factor
and of 49,000 for the S. pombe factor. While the purified yeast EF-1 alpha s
function analogously to other eukaryotic factors and the E. coli EF-Tu in
Phe-tRNA binding and polyphenylalanine synthesis, the yeast factor unusually
hydrolyzed GTP on yeast ribosomes upon addition of Phe-tRNA in the absence of
poly(U) as mRNA. This novelty is probably owing to the yeast ribosomes, which
are assumed to lack elongation factor 3-equivalent component(s). Trypsin and
chymotrypsin selectively cleaved the two yeast factors to generate resistant
fragments with the same molecular weight of 43,000 (by trypsin) and of 44,000
(by chymotrypsin), respectively. Those cleavage sites were characteristically
protected by the presence of several ligands bound to EF-1 alpha such as GDP,
GTP, and aminoacyl-tRNA. Based on the sequence analysis of the fragments
generated by the two proteases, the partial amino acid sequence of the S. carls.
EF-1 alpha was deduced to be in accordance with the N-terminal region covering
positions (1) to 94 and two Lys residues at the C-terminal end of the predicted
total sequence of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerev.) factor derived from
DNA analysis, except for a few N-terminal residues, confirming the predicted S.
cerev. sequence at the protein level. EF-1 beta and EF-1 beta gamma were
isolated and highly purified as biologically active entities from the two
yeasts. EF-1 beta s from the two yeasts have the same molecular weight of
27,000, whereas component gamma of the S. carls. EF-1 beta gamma showed a higher
molecular weight (47,000) than that of the S. pombe factor (40,000). It was also
shown that a stoichiometric complex was formed between EF-1 alpha and EF-1 beta
gamma from S. pombe. Furthermore, a considerable amount of Phe-tRNA binding
activity was distributed in the EF-1H (probably EF-1 alpha beta gamma) fraction
from freshly prepared cell-free extracts of yeast.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88273078
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Peptide Elongation Factors|AN/*IP; Saccharomyces|*AN; Saccharomycetales|*AN;
Schizosaccharomyces|*AN
- MeSH Heading
- Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids|AN; Chymotrypsin|ME; GTP
Phosphohydrolase|ME; Molecular Weight; Ribosomes|ME; RNA, Transfer, Phe|ME;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Trypsin|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-924X
- Country of Publication
- JAPAN
Record 56 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Role of yeast peptide elongation factor 3 (EF-3) at the AA-tRNA binding
step.
- Author
- Uritani M; Miyazaki M
- Address
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Science, Nagoya University,
Aichi.
- Source
- J Biochem (Tokyo), 1988 Jul, 104:1, 118-26
- Abstract
- The stimulatory effect of peptide elongation factor 3 (EF-3), which is
uniquely required for the yeast elongation cycle, on the step of binding of
aminoacyl-tRNA (AA-tRNA) to ribosomes has been investigated in detail. Yeast
EF-1 alpha apparently functions in a stoichiometric manner in the binding
reaction of AA-tRNA to the ribosomes. The addition of EF-3 and ATP to this
binding system strikingly stimulated the binding reaction, and the stimulated
reaction proceeded catalytically with respect to both EF-1 alpha and EF-3,
accompanied by ATP hydrolysis, indicating that EF-3 stimulated the AA-tRNA
binding reaction by releasing EF-1 alpha from the ribosomal complex, thus
recycling it. This binding stimulation by EF-3 was in many respects distinct
from that by EF-1 beta gamma. The idea that EF-3 may participate in the
regeneration of GTP from ATP and the formed GDP, as indicated by the findings
that the addition of EF-3 along with ATP allowed the AA-tRNA binding and Phe
polymerization reactions to proceed even in the presence of GDP in place of GTP,
was not verified by the results of direct measurement of [32P]GTP formation from
[gamma-32P]ATP and GDP under various conditions. Examination of the stability of
the bound AA-tRNA disclosed the different binding states of AA-tRNA on ribosomes
between in the cases of the complexes formed with EF-1 alpha alone, or
factor-independently, and with EF-1 alpha and EF-3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250
WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89123207
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Amino Acid Activation|*; Peptide Elongation Factors|*ME; RNA, Transfer,
Amino Acyl|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Kinetics; Paromomycin|PD; Poly U; Protein Binding; Ribosomes|ME; RNA,
Transfer, Phe|ME; Saccharomyces cerevisiae|GE; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-924X
- Country of Publication
- JAPAN
Record 57 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Lung function impairment as a guide to exercise limitation in work-related
lung disorders.
- Author
- Cotes JE; Zejda J; King B
- Address
- Department of Occupational Health and Hygiene, Medical School, Newcastle
upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
- Source
- Am Rev Respir Dis, 1988 May, 137:5, 1089-93
- Abstract
- The hypothesis that exercise limitation of respiratory origin can be
predicted accurately from the lung function impairment has been tested using
maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) as the dependent variable in a multiple
regression analysis. The subjects were 157 men who met objective criteria for
exercise being limited by respiratory impairment. VO2max (mean value, 1.38 L
min-1) was described by FEV1 and single-breath lung transfer factor (diffusing
capacity) for carbon monoxide (TL') singly or in combination, but the accuracy
was poor (at best, standard error of the estimate, 0.36 L min-1; r2, 29.1%).
FEV1 could be replaced by FVC and FEV1/FVC. Description of VO2max was improved
by also including in the equation the variables age, fat-free mass, and
submaximal exercise ventilation (VE). Transfer factor did not then contribute
significantly. VO2max as percent of predicted (mean value of 60%) was described
by %FVC or %FEV1, but the accuracy was poor (SEE, 16.0%; r2, 14%). Prediction
was improved somewhat by the alternative use of inspiratory vital capacity and
FEV1/FVC. Transfer factor did not contribute additional information; however,
inclusion of VE materially improved the accuracy (SEE, 12.9%; r2, 44%). Among a
subgroup of 35 men whose lung disease was due to asbestos, %TL' or transfer
factor measured using a multibreath estimate of residual volume (%TLCO) made a
small contribution to the explained variance, e.g.: %VO2max = 0.44% FEV1 -0.78
VE + 0.16% TLCO + 52.3 SEE 7.27%. This equation also described the %VO2max of
all subjects (SEE, 13%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89060655
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Exertion|*; Lung Diseases|DI/*PP; Occupational Diseases|DI/*PP; Respiratory
Function Tests|*
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Forced Expiratory Volume; Human; Male; Middle Age; Oxygen
Consumption; Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Vital
Capacity
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0003-0805
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 58 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Quality factors.
- Author
- Kerr GD
- Address
- Health and Safety Research Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN
37830.
- Source
- Health Phys, 1988 Aug, 55:2, 241-9
- Abstract
- The quality factor, Q, is a dimensionless modifier used in converting
absorbed dose, expressed in gray (or rad), to dose equivalent, expressed in
sievert (or rem). The dose equivalent is used in radiation protection to account
for the biological effectiveness of different kinds of radiation. The quality
factor is related to both linear energy transfer (LET) and relative biological
effectiveness (RBE). The RBE obtained from biological experiments depends in a
complex way on the observed biological effect, the specific test organism and
the experimental conditions. Judgment is involved, therefore, in the choice of
Q. Questions regarding the adequacy of current Q values for neutrons were first
raised in a 1980 statement by the National Council on Radiation Protection and
Measurements (NCRP) and later in a 1985 statement by the International
Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). In 1980, the NCRP alerted the
technical community to the possibility of a future increase between a factor of
3 to 10 in the Q for neutrons, and in 1985, the ICRP suggested an increase by a
factor of 2 in Q for fast neutrons. Both these advisory groups are now
recommending essentially the same guidance with regard to Q for neutrons: an
increase by a factor of 2. The Q for neutrons is based on a large, albeit
unfocused, body of experimental data. In spite of the lack of focus, the data
supporting a change in the neutron quality factor are substantial. However, the
proposed doubling of Q for neutrons is clouded by other issues regarding its
application. These issues are discussed, together with the current database for
the neutron quality factor. Improvements are needed to provide better guidance
with regard to both Q for neutrons and its application in radiation protection.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88314580
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation|*; Radiation Monitoring|*ST
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Energy Transfer; Human; Maximum Permissible Exposure Level;
Mutagenicity Tests; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Neutrons; Relative Biological
Effectiveness; Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0017-9078
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 59 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Transcriptional activity and factor binding are stimulated by separate and
distinct sequences in the 5' flanking region of a mouse tRNAAsp gene.
- Author
- Rooney RJ; Harding JD
- Address
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027.
- Source
- Nucleic Acids Res, 1988 Mar, 16:6, 2509-21
- Abstract
- The transcriptional properties of two cloned mouse tRNAAsp genes were
examined in vitro. The tRNA(2Asp) gene displays a five fold greater
transcriptional activity than the tRNA(1Asp) gene and a greater ability to form
stable complexes with transcription factors. Transcription of a hybrid gene with
swapped 5' flanking sequences and of 5' flanking region deletion mutants
demonstrates that the differential transcription of the genes results from
stimulatory sequences in the 5' flanking region of the tRNA(2Asp) gene. Distal
sequences including those between positions -53 and -31 stimulate transcription
but do not affect factor binding. Proximal sequences between positions -9 and -1
enhance factor binding. Thus, binding of transcription factors and later steps
required for transcription can be modulated by separate and distinct 5' flanking
sequence motifs in eukaryotic tRNA genes.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88203196
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid|*; RNA, Transfer, Amino
Acid-Specific|*GE; RNA, Transfer, Asp|*GE; Transcription Factors|*ME;
Transcription, Genetic|*
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Base Sequence; DNA Mutational Analysis; Gene Expression Regulation;
In Vitro; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S.
Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0305-1048
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 60 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The effect of Mg2+ and guanine nucleotide exchange factor on the binding of
guanine nucleotides to eukaryotic initiation factor 2.
- Author
- Panniers R; Rowlands AG; Henshaw EC
- Address
- University of Rochester Cancer Center, New York 14642.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Apr, 263:12, 5519-25
- Abstract
- A major site of regulation of polypeptide chain initiation is the binding of
Met-tRNA to 40 S ribosomal subunits which is mediated by eukaryotic initiation
factor 2 (eIF-2). The formation of ternary complex, eIF-2.GTP.Met-tRNA, is
potently inhibited by GDP. Measurement of the parameters for guanine nucleotide
binding to eIF-2 is critical to understanding the control of protein synthesis
by fluctuations in cellular energy levels. We have compared the dissociation
constants (Kd) of eIF-2.GDP and eIF-2.GTP and find that GDP has a 400-fold
higher affinity for GDP than GTP. The Kd for GDP is almost an order of magnitude
less than has been reported previously. The difference between the Kd values for
the two nucleotides is the result of a faster rate constant for GTP release, the
rate constants for binding being approximately equal. This combination of rate
constants and low levels of contaminating GDP in preparations of GTP can explain
the apparently unstable nature of eIF-2.GTP observed by others. Mg2+ stabilizes
binary complexes slowing the rates of release of nucleotide from both eIF-2.GDP
and eIF-2.GTP. The competition between GTP and GDP for binding to eIF-2.guanine
nucleotide exchange factor complex has been measured. A 10-fold higher GTP
concentration than GDP is required to reduce [32P] GDP binding to eIF-2.guanine
nucleotide exchange factor complex by 50%. The relevance of this competition to
the regulation of protein synthesis by energy levels is discussed.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88186859
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Guanine Nucleotides|*ME; Magnesium|*PD; Peptide Initiation Factors|*ME;
Proteins|*ME/*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor|AN; Comparative Study; Guanosine
Diphosphate|ME; Guanosine Triphosphate|ME; Kinetics; RNA, Transfer, Met|ME;
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Temperature
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 61 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Alteration of the nucleotide-binding site asymmetry of chloroplast coupling
factor 1 by catalysis.
- Author
- Shapiro AB; McCarty RE
- Address
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Oct, 263:28, 14160-5
- Abstract
- Fluorescence resonance energy transfer was used to show that ATP hydrolysis
induces a change in the properties of two nucleotide-binding sites in isolated
chloroplast coupling factor 1 (CF1). The fluorescence donor was Lucifer Yellow
vinyl sulfone (4-amino-N-[3-(vinylsulfonyl)phenyl]naphthalimide-
3,6-disulfonate), covalently bound to a unique site on the alpha subunit between
nucleotide-binding sites 2 and 3. The fluorescence acceptor was the ATP analog
2'(3')-trinitrophenyladenosine 5'-triphosphate (TNP-ATP), incorporated
specifically into nucleotide-binding site 1. Energy transfer from Lucifer Yellow
to TNP-ATP in site 1 was greater if catalysis occurred before TNP-ATP was
incorporated than if no catalysis occurred, indicating that one of the
nucleotide-binding sites near the Lucifer Yellow had changed its properties to
those of site 1 as a result of catalysis. The amount of energy transfer
increased with the degree of substrate excess during catalysis, as expected if
catalysis were required for the new site 1 location. ADP, which binds to CF1,
but is not a substrate for hydrolysis, caused little energy transfer. Titration
of site 3 with TNP-ATP showed greater energy transfer from Lucifer Yellow when
catalysis had not occurred, indicating that sites 1 and 3 switched properties as
a result of catalysis. The amount of energy transfer declined exponentially with
time between removal of substrate and addition of TNP-ATP to site 1, with a
half-time of 1.5-2 h at room temperature. This result suggests that the change
that results in switching of nucleotide-binding sites 1 and 3 relaxes in the
absence of substrate. Our results show that the asymmetry of the
nucleotide-binding sites of CF1 is not a permanent feature of the molecule.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89008254
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Adenosine Triphosphate|*ME; H(+)-Transporting ATP Synthase|*ME; Plants|*EN
- MeSH Heading
- Binding Sites; Chloroplasts|EN; Isoquinolines|PD; Kinetics; Protein Binding;
Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Support, U.S.
Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 62 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Measurements of transfer coefficients for 137Cs, 60Co, 54Mn, 22Na, 131I and
95mTc from feed into milk and beef.
- Author
- Voigt G; Henrichs K; Pröhl G; Paretzke HG
- Address
- Gesellschaft fÂur Strahlen- und Umweltforschung (GSF) MÂunchen, Institut
fÂur Strahlenschutz, Neuherberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
- Source
- Radiat Environ Biophys, 1988, 27:2, 143-52
- Abstract
- The transfer in cattle of the radionuclides 137Cs, 60Co, 54Mn, 22Na, 131I
and 95mTc was studied experimentally to determine transfer coefficients from
feed to milk and meat. Special interest was kept on normal feeding and
maintenance conditions used in Germany. The radionuclides were incorporated into
fodder plants through root uptake and thus available in a chemical form
resulting from the contamination of agricultural soil. This permitted realistic
simulation of the soil-plant-animal food chain. The equilibrium transfer
coefficients for milk were calculated to be 22Na: 0.016 +/- 0.002 d/l, 60Co:
less than or equal to 0.0002 d/l, 54Mn: less than or equal to 0.0005 d/l, and
137Cs: 0.0022 +/- 0.0002 d/l. The equilibrium transfer coefficients for meat
were calculated to be 22Na: 0.01 +/- 0.002 d/kg, 60Co: less than or equal to
0.00013 d/kg, 54Mn: less than or equal to 0.0005 d/kg, and 137Cs: 0.0062 +/-
0.0006 d/kg. A single dose of 131I was orally administered three times in the
chemical form of iodide. Models were applied to obtain parameters for a
quantitative description of the iodine metabolism. The equilibrium transfer
factor for 131I in this chemical form to milk was calculated to be 0.009 +/-
0.0014 d/l. For 95mTc only an upper limit of the transfer factor of 1.7.10(-4)
d/l could be estimated because of the small amount of radioactivity available.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88277137
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Animal Feed|*; Meat|*; Milk|*ME; Radioisotopes|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cattle; Cesium Radioisotopes|ME; Cobalt Radioisotopes|ME;
Environmental Exposure; Half-Life; Iodine Radioisotopes|ME; Manganese|ME;
Mathematics; Sodium Radioisotopes|ME; Soil Pollutants, Radioactive;
Technetium|ME; Tissue Distribution
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0301-634X
- Country of Publication
- GERMANY, WEST
Record 63 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Measurement technique influences the response of transfer factor (TICO) to
salbutamol in patients with airflow limitation.
- Author
- Chinn DJ; Askew J; Rowley L; Cotes JE
- Address
- Department of Occupational Health and Hygiene, Medical School, Newcastle
upon Tyne.
- Source
- Eur Respir J, 1988 Jan, 1:1, 15-21
- Abstract
- Single-breath transfer factor obtained using a multibreath estimate of
alveolar volume (TI) was measured before and after salbutamol in twenty patients
with reversible airflow limitation. The effective breathholding time was
calculated by four methods due respectively to Ogilvie and colleagues as
modified by the American Thoracic Society (ATS), ATS Epidemiological
Standardization Project (ESP), Jones and Meade in which allowance was made for
the time of sample collection and a simplified method in which the allowance for
sampling was in terms of volume, not time. Two patients could perform the test
procedure only after salbutamol. Amongst the remainder the transfer factor
calculated using a single-breath estimate of alveolar volume (TI') was on
average 12% less than TI. Carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (KCO), TI and TI'
were highest by the ESP method and lowest by the Ogilvie method. Inhalation of
salbutamol (200 gamma) did not affect TI' by any method or TI and KCO by the
Jones and Meade method but results by the other methods were reduced; in the
case of the modified Ogilvie method the reduction was 3.9%. This error was due
to overestimation of effective breathholding time by neglecting the reduction of
39% which occurred in the time of sample collection. The time of inspiration was
unchanged whilst the time of deadspace washout was reduced by 16%. After
bronchodilatation the absence of a change in TI' was due to the overestimation
of effective breathholding time being offset by an increase in the proportion of
alveolar volume measured by the single-breath procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT
250 WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88211814
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Albuterol|*PD; Carbon Monoxide|*; Lung Diseases, Obstructive|*PP; Pulmonary
Diffusing Capacity|*
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Aged; Breath Tests; Female; Human; Male; Methods; Middle Age;
Occupational Diseases|PP; Pulmonary Alveoli|PP; Spirometry; Support, Non-U.S.
Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0903-1936
- Country of Publication
- DENMARK
Record 64 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Functional dissection of 5' and 3' extragenic control regions of human
tRNA(Val) genes reveals two different regulatory effects.
- Author
- Arnold GJ; Schmutzler C; Gross HJ
- Address
- Institut fÂur Biochemie, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-UniversitÂat,
WÂuzburg, FRG.
- Source
- DNA, 1988 Mar, 7:2, 87-97
- Abstract
- Two natural human tRNA(Val) genes, pHtV1 and pHtV3, differ in their
transcription efficiency by an order of magnitude. The extragenic control
regions (ECRs) responsible for this effect were compared with respect to the
kinetics and thermodynamics of transcription complex formation. The 5' ECR of
pHtV1 acts by increasing both the rate of stable complex formation and the
equilibrium constant of association between tDNA and at least one transcription
factor present in the stable complex. The stability of the preinitiation
complexes is not affected by ECRs. For the formation of a stable preinitiation
complex, we suggest a two-step mechanism, comprising (i) the ECR-controlled
association of at least one transcription factor (TFIIIC) with the tDNA, and
(ii) an ECR-independent conformational change of this tDNA-protein complex. The
function of 3' ECRs could be discriminated from the 5' ECR-mediated effects by
transcriptional analysis of two chimeric constructs derived from pHtV1 and
pHtV3. Surprisingly, the pHtV1 3' ECR causes an eight-fold increase of
transcription efficiency, although it has only minor influence on stable
preinitiation complex formation. Instead, this ECR stimulates transcription by
promoting the transition of the preinitiation complex into an activity
synthesizing transcription complex. This novel function of a 3' ECR contributes
an additional regulatory level for tRNA gene expression.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88195782
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Gene Expression Regulation|*; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific|*GE; RNA,
Transfer, Val|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Base Sequence; Binding, Competitive; Cloning, Molecular; Human; Kinetics;
Plasmids; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Temperature; Transcription, Genetic
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0198-0238
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 65 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Stronger affinity of reticulocyte release factor than natural suppressor
tRNASer for the opal termination codon.
- Author
- Mizutani T; Hitaka T
- Address
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Japan.
- Source
- FEBS Lett, 1988 Jan, 226:2, 227-31
- Abstract
- Animal natural suppressor tRNA did not affect the release reaction of
reticulocyte release factor (RF) at the same concentration of tRNA (both
estimated as being present at a similar level of 3-5 X 10(-8) M in vivo); even
at a 10-fold greater concentration the tRNA did not prevent the release reaction
with RF. In order to confirm this result, the Ka values were determined. The Ka
value between RF and UGA was 1.26 X 10(6) M-1 and that between the suppressor
tRNA and UGA amounted to 8 X 10(3) M-1. This result showed that RF had a
150-fold stronger affinity than suppressor tRNA for the opal termination codon.
Incorporation of phosphoserine into phosphoprotein via phosphoseryl-tRNA was
inhibited by addition of RF to the reaction mixture. These results suggest that
animal natural suppressor tRNA in the normal state does not perform its
suppressor function, except in special cases where mRNA has the context
structure near the opal termination codon (UGA).
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88112188
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Codon|*; Reticulocytes|*ME; RNA, Messenger|*; RNA, Transfer, Amino
Acid-Specific|*ME; RNA, Transfer, Ser|*ME; Suppression, Genetic|*
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Kinetics; Phosphoproteins|BI; Phosphoserine|ME; Rabbits;
Ribosomes|ME; RNA, Transfer, Met|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0014-5793
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 66 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Tubal embryo transfer as a treatment for infertility due to male factor.
- Author
- Balmaceda JP; Gastaldi C; Remohi J; Borrero C; Ord T; Asch RH
- Address
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine,
Orange.
- Source
- Fertil Steril, 1988 Sep, 50:3, 476-9
- Abstract
- Transvaginal follicular aspiration (TVA) with ultrasonically guided needles
allows the transfer of in vitro generated embryos to the fallopian tubes (TET),
performing only one surgical procedure in the process. Up to now, this approach
has been used to treat 16 couples with infertility due to severe male factor.
Follicular development was induced with a combination of clomiphene citrate and
human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) or follicle-stimulating hormone and hMG.
Follicles were aspirated by TVA 36 hours after an injection of human chorionic
gonadotropin 10,000 IU intramuscularly. A total of 169 oocytes were recovered
(10.5 +/- 6.9 X +/- SD) from the 16 patients. There was failure of fertilization
in 6 cases. In the remaining 10, a TET was performed 44 to 50 hours after TVA,
utilizing embryos at the pronuclear stage. Six pregnancies resulted from the 10
transfers. This technique combines the advantages of proof of fertilization with
a more adequate tubal embryo development and entrance to the uterine cavity that
may determine and increase chance of implantation.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88313117
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Embryo Transfer|*MT; Fallopian Tubes|*; Infertility, Female|PA/*TH
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Cell Count; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Gonadotropins,
Chorionic|TU; Human; Oocytes|PA; Ovarian Follicle|SU; Pregnancy; Suction; Vagina
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0015-0282
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 67 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Multiple forms of the human gene-specific transcription factor USF. II. DNA
binding properties and transcriptional activity of the purified HeLa USF.
- Author
- Sawadogo M
- Address
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University,
New York, New York 10021-6399.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Aug, 263:24, 11994-2001
- Abstract
- The gene-specific upstream stimulatory transcription factor (USF) is
required for maximal expression of the adenovirus major late promoter in vivo as
well as in vitro. We have examined the DNA binding and transcriptional
properties of USF purified to near-homogeneity from HeLa cell nuclei (Sawadogo,
M., Van Dyke, M. W., Gregor, P. D., and Roeder, R. G. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263,
11985-11993). The 44-and 43,000-dalton forms of USF displayed identical
affinities for the major late promoter upstream sequence. Specific binding
parameters were greatly influenced by neighboring sequences, but not by the
topological state of the DNA. The dissociation rate was highly dependent upon
the concentration of competitor DNA, indicating that USF can efficiently
transfer from one binding site to another by passing through a doubly bound
intermediate state (direct transfer mechanism). Transcription stimulation by
purified USF showed titration curves identical to those observed with cruder
preparations of the transcription factor. However, the overall stimulation
observed at saturating USF concentration was significantly lower with the
purified protein. By contrast, interaction with TATA box-binding RNA polymerase
II transcription factor D was observed with both USF-containing fractions. This
could suggest the existence of two different mechanisms for upstream
sequence-dependent transcription stimulation, where one critical component (or
some necessary modification of the upstream factor itself) may be missing in
reactions reconstituted with purified USF.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88298883
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Adenoviridae|*GE; DNA, Viral|*ME; Promoter Regions (Genetics)|*;
Transcription Factors|*ME; Transcription, Genetic|*
- MeSH Heading
- Binding, Competitive; Cell Nucleus|AN; Hela Cells|AN; Human; Kinetics;
Magnesium|PD; Molecular Weight; Plasmids; Potassium Chloride|PD; Regulatory
Sequences, Nucleic Acid; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 68 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Considerations on a revision of the quality factor.
- Author
- Kellerer AM; Hahn K
- Address
- Institut fÂur Medizinische Strahlenkunde, UniversitÂat WÂurzburg, Federal
Republic of Germany.
- Source
- Radiat Res, 1988 Jun, 114:3, 480-8
- Abstract
- A modified analytical expression is proposed for the revised quality factor
that has been suggested by a liaison group of ICRP and ICRU. With this
modification one obtains, for sparsely ionizing radiation, a quality factor
which is proportional to the dose average of lineal energy, y. It is shown that
the proposed relation between the quality factor and lineal energy can be
translated into a largely equivalent dependence on LET. The choice between the
reference parameters LET or y is therefore a secondary problem in an impending
revision of the quality factor.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88234926
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Radiation Dosage|*
- MeSH Heading
- Energy Transfer; Relative Biological Effectiveness; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;
Weights and Measures
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0033-7587
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 69 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Participation of suppressor-inducer cells in the suppression of adjuvant
arthritis by transfer of spleen cells expanded by T cell growth factor.
- Author
- Ogawa H; Tsunematsu T
- Address
- Third Division of Internal Medicine, Shimane Medical University, Izumo,
Japan.
- Source
- Clin Exp Immunol, 1988 Jun, 72:3, 476-80
- Abstract
- We attempted to elucidate the mechanism of action of T cell growth factor
(TCGF)-expanded cells after stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A), a process
which reduces the severity of adjuvant arthritis (AA), as seen in transferred
syngeneic rats. TCGF-expanded cells were fractionated by Percoll density
gradient or by the panning method, before the transfer. Transfer of cells with a
density of between 1070 and 1079 suppressed AA most effectively, compared with
other fractions with a density of less than 1070. A large number of the cells
with density 1070-1079 were of the W3/25 phenotype. The transfer of W3/25
positive cells obtained by the panning method from TCGF-expanded cells reduced
AA but not W3/25 negative cells. The suppressor function of TCGF-expanded cells
was examined in an assay system in vitro. The addition of Con A-stimulated cells
to the assay culture (but not expanded with TCGF), suppressed both the
proliferation of spleen cells stimulated with Con A and the IgG production
stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. The addition of TCGF-expanded cells to the
assay culture had no effect on these responses. Thus, the W3/25 cells in the
TCGF-expanded cells seem to function as suppressor-inducer cells, affect the
presuppressor cells of the recipient rat and differentiate to suppressor
effector cells.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89003728
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Arthritis|*PC; Arthritis, Adjuvant|IM/*PC; Immune Tolerance|*;
Interleukin-2|*PD; T-Lymphocytes|*IM
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Separation|MT; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Female; Rats;
Rats, Inbred Lew; Spleen|IM/TR; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; T-Lymphocytes,
Helper-Inducer|IM; T-Lymphocytes, Suppressor-Effector|IM
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0009-9104
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 70 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Ordering promoter binding of class III transcription factors TFIIIC1 and
TFIIIC2.
- Author
- Dean N; Berk AJ
- Address
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
- Source
- Mol Cell Biol, 1988 Aug, 8:8, 3017-25
- Abstract
- The separation of the mammalian class III transcription factor TFIIIC into
two functional components, termed TFIIIC1 and TFIIIC2, enabled an analysis of
their functions in transcription initiation. Template competition assays were
used to define the order with which these factors interact in vitro to form
stable preinitiation complexes on the adenovirus VAI and Drosophila melanogaster
tRNA(Arg) genes. The interaction between these genes and TFIIIC2, the factor
that binds with high affinity to the B block, was both necessary and sufficient
for template commitment. When either the VAI or tRNA(Arg) gene was preincubated
with TFIIIC2 alone, transcription of a second gene added subsequently was
excluded, indicating that TFIIIC2 bound stably to the first template.
Furthermore, the interaction between TFIIIC2 and these genes must occur prior to
that of TFIIIC1 or TFIIIB. Once TFIIIC2 was bound, TFIIIC1 could bind to the
tRNA(Arg) and VAI genes, although its interaction with the VAI gene was less
stable than that with the tRNA(Arg) gene. TFIIIB activity bound stably to the
complex of both genes with TFIIIC2. These results demonstrate that TFIIIC2 is
the first transcription factor to bind to these genes and that TFIIIB and
TFIIIC1 can then interact in either order to form a preinitiation complex.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89096886
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Promoter Regions (Genetics)|*; Transcription Factors|IP/*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Adenoviridae|GE; Animal; Cell Line; Cell Nucleus|ME; Drosophila
melanogaster|GE; Genes; Genes, Viral; Human; Plasmids; Protein Binding; RNA,
Transfer, Arg|GE; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Transcription, Genetic
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0270-7306
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 71 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Release factor competition is equivalent at strong and weakly suppressed
nonsense codons.
- Author
- Martin R; Hearn M; Jenny P; Gallant J
- Address
- Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
- Source
- Mol Gen Genet, 1988 Jul, 213:1, 144-9
- Abstract
- We have compared the competition between strong or weak suppressor tRNAs and
translational release factors (RF) at nonsense codons in the lacI gene of
Escherichia coli. Using the F'lacIZ fusions developed by Miller and coworkers,
UAG, UAA, and UGA codons at positions 189 and 220 were efficiently suppressed by
plasmid-borne tRNA(trp) suppressors cognate to each nonsense triplet.
Introduction of a compatible RF 1 plasmid competed at UAG and UAA but not UGA
codons. An RF2 expressing plasmid competed at UAA and UGA but had little effect
at UAG. Release factor competition against weak suppressors was measured using
combinations of noncognate suppressors and nonsense codons. In each case,
release factor plasmids behaved identically towards poorly suppressed codons as
they did when the same codons were efficiently suppressed. The implications for
these studies on the role of release factors in nonsense suppression context
effects are discussed.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89127134
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Codon|*; Escherichia coli|*GE; Genes, Bacterial|*; Peptide Termination
Factors|*ME; RNA, Messenger|*; Suppression, Genetic|*
- MeSH Heading
- Plasmids; RNA, Transfer|GE; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't,
P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0026-8925
- Country of Publication
- GERMANY, WEST
Record 72 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Use of tRNA suppressors to probe regulation of Escherichia coli release
factor 2.
- Author
- Curran JF; Yarus M
- Address
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of
Colorado, Boulder 80309.
- Source
- J Mol Biol, 1988 Sep, 203:1, 75-83
- Abstract
- It has been suggested that Escherichia coli release factor 2 (RF-2)
translation is autoregulated. Mature RF-2 protein can terminate its own nascent
synthesis at an intragenic, in-phase UGA codon, or alternatively, a +1
frameshift can occur that leads to completion of the RF-2 polypeptide.
Translational termination presumably increases with RF-2 concentration,
providing negative regulatory feedback. We now show, in lacZ/RF-2 fusions, that
translation of a UAG codon at the position of the UGA competes with
frameshifting, which proves one postulate of the translational autoregulatory
model. We also identify a nearby sequence that is required for high-frequency
frameshifting and suggest a constraint for the codon preceding the shift point.
Both these sequences are incorporated into a model for frameshifting. Our
measurements allow us to compute the relative rates in vivo of these reactions:
release factor action, frameshifting and tRNA selection at an amber codon.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89037196
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Gene Expression Regulation|*; Peptide Termination Factors|*GE; RNA,
Transfer|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Codon; Escherichia coli; Lac Operon; Mutation; Support, U.S. Gov't,
Non-P.H.S.; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Suppression, Genetic
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-2836
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 73 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Differential subcellular distribution of guanine nucleotide exchange factor
in suckling and adult rat brain.
- Author
- Calés C; Fando JL; Alcazar A; Salinas M
- Address
- Departamento de InvestigaciÆon, Hospital RamÆon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
- Source
- Neurosci Lett, 1988 May, 87:3, 271-6
- Abstract
- Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity in ribosomal high salt
wash and cytosolic fractions from suckling (4-10-day-old) and adult (60-day-old)
rats was assayed by two different methods, by measuring: (i) its ability to
promote binding of [3H]Met-tRNAi to eukaryotic initiation factor-2 (eIF-2)
preparations that are partially or wholly in the form of eIF-2-GDP complexes (at
Mg2+ concentrations near the optimum for protein synthesis), and (ii) under
similar conditions, its ability to catalyze the displacement of [3H]GDP,
previously bound to eIF-2, by unlabelled GDP. A purified eIF-2 (GEF-free) from
brain was used as the source of eIF-2 activity. GEF activity in ribosomal
fractions is higher in the brain of suckling than adults rats, and a direct
correlation therefore exists between ribosomal GEF activity and the previously
observed age-related decrease in eIF-2 activity in ribosomal high salt wash
protein fractions. On the other hand GEF activity in the postmicrosomal
supernatant is lower in the brain of suckling than adult rats. These findings
further support the hypothesis that the progressive decrease in protein
synthesis during brain development is controlled through regulation of the
initiation step, by modulation of eIF-2/GEF activities.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88246934
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aging|*ME; Brain|*ME/PH; Proteins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Guanosine Diphosphate|ME; Peptide Initiation Factors|ME; Rats;
Ribosomes|ME; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl|ME; Subcellular Fractions|AN; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0304-3940
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 74 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET): an established and
successful therapy for endometriosis.
- Author
- Oehninger S; Acosta AA; Kreiner D; Muasher SJ; Jones HW Jr; Rosenwaks Z
- Address
- Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School,
Norfolk 23507.
- Source
- J In Vitro Fert Embryo Transf, 1988 Oct, 5:5, 249-56
- Abstract
- The purpose of this report is to present a 6-year experience in the
management of endometriosis with in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer
(IVF/ET). We divided 136 patients who underwent 280 cycles into three groups:
(1) previous history of endometriosis but normal pelvis at the time of oocyte
retrieval, (2) stages I-II endometriosis (revised AFS classification), and (3)
stages III-IV endometriosis. The stimulation protocols, estradiol (E2)
responses, and distribution of terminal E2 patterns were similar in all groups.
Group 3 had significantly fewer preovulatory and immature oocytes retrieved and
fewer embryos transferred. The fertilization rate and the per cycle/per transfer
pregnancy rates were similar in all groups. The miscarriage rate was higher in
group 3, and the ongoing pregnancy rate per cycle was lower. Luteal phase E2 and
progesterone levels were comparable in all groups. No differences were found
when groups 2 and 3 were analyzed for the presence of one or two ovaries or the
presence/absence of ovarian endometriosis. The overall fertilization rate, the
per cycle/per transfer pregnancy rates, and the miscarriage rate were similar to
those of tubal factor patients. We underscore the excellent outcome of patients
with minimal or mild endometriosis in IVF/ET. We conclude that patients with
moderate or severe endometriosis have a compromised reproductive potential,
probably because of a reduced oocyte recovery rate and poor embryo quality.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89156623
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Embryo Transfer|*; Endometriosis|*/*TH; Fertilization in Vitro|*; Ovarian
Neoplasms|*TH; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic|*TH
- MeSH Heading
- Abortion, Spontaneous|ET; Adult; Estradiol|BL; Female; FSH|PD;
Gonadotropins, Chorionic|PD; Human; Infertility, Female|TH; Luteal Phase;
Oocytes; Ovulation Induction; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Progesterone|BL
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0740-7769
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 75 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Method to determine effect of antibiotics at residue levels on R-factor
transfer.
- Author
- Brady MS; Katz SE
- Address
- Rutgers University, Cook College, Department of Biochemistry and
Microbiology, New Brunswick, NJ 08903.
- Source
- J Assoc Off Anal Chem, 1988 Mar, 71:2, 299-301
- Abstract
- An analytical system was developed which can assess the ability of
antibiotic/antimicrobial residues (0.01-1.00 ppm) to affect the conjugal
transfer of resistance among the Enterobacteriaceae. The donor strain,
Escherichia coli RP-4 (Amr Tcr Nmr Kmr Lac+), and recipient strain, E. coli
Sc-8632 (Smr Lac-), were incubated together in a 1:9 donor:recipient ratio for
18 h with gentle shaking (50 rpm) in brain heart infusion broth in the presence
of residue levels of antibiotics. The mating cultures were serially diluted and
spread-plated onto MacConkey agar containing 25 micrograms streptomycin/mL to
select the total recipient population of sensitive E. coli Sc-8632 and
transconjugants. After an 18 h incubation at 37 degrees C, the plates were
replicated onto MacConkey agar containing 25 micrograms ampicillin/mL to select
the ampicillin-resistant transconjugant population. Repeatability was good; the
average transfer was 51.8%, with a coefficient of variation of 9.3%. Residue
levels of tylosin (0.10 and 1.00 ppm) increased the transfer of the ampicillin
marker beyond the 95% confidence limits. Oxytetracycline, bacitracin,
streptomycin, penicillin, and virginiamycin did not increase the percent
transfer. Oxytetracycline at 0.01 ppm decreased the percent transfer. In
general, residue levels of antibiotics (0.01-1.00 ppm) did not affect the
conjugal transfer of antibiotic resistance.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88256967
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antibiotics|*PD; Enterobacteriaceae|*DE/GE; R Factors|*DE
- MeSH Heading
- Drug Residues|AN; Escherichia coli|DE; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0004-5756
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 76 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Biochemical and physical characterization of an unmodified yeast
phenylalanine transfer RNA transcribed in vitro.
- Author
- Sampson JR; Uhlenbeck OC
- Address
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder
80309.
- Source
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1988 Feb, 85:4, 1033-7
- Abstract
- A recombinant plasmid was constructed with six synthetic DNA oligomers such
that the DNA sequence corresponding to yeast tRNA(Phe) is flanked by a T7
promoter and a BstNI restriction site. Runoff transcription of the
BstNI-digested plasmid with T7 RNA polymerase gives an unmodified tRNA of the
expected sequence having correct 5' and 3' termini. This tRNA(Phe) transcript
can be specifically aminoacylated by yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase and has
a Km only 4-fold higher than that of the native yeast tRNA(Phe). The Km is
independent of Mg2+ concentration, whereas the Vmax is very dependent on Mg2+
concentration. Comparison of the melting profiles of the native and the
unmodified tRNA(Phe) at different Mg2+ concentrations suggests that the
unmodified tRNA(Phe) has a less stable tertiary structure. Using one additional
DNA oligomer, a mutant plasmid was constructed having a guanosine to thymidine
change at position 20 in the tRNA gene. A decrease in Vmax/Km by a factor of 14
for aminoacylation of the mutant tRNA(Phe) transcript is observed.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88124969
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- RNA, Fungal|*GE/ME; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific|*GE; RNA, Transfer,
Phe|*GE/ME; Saccharomyces cerevisiae|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Base Sequence; DNA, Fungal|GE; DNA, Recombinant; Molecular Sequence Data;
Nucleic Acid Conformation; Nucleic Acid Denaturation; Phenylalanine|ME;
Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase|ME; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 77 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Hydration of CO2 by carbonic anhydrase: intramolecular proton transfer
between Zn2+-bound H2O and histidine 64 in human carbonic anhydrase II.
- Author
- Liang JY; Lipscomb WN
- Address
- Gibbs Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Harvard University,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.
- Source
- Biochemistry, 1988 Nov, 27:23, 8676-82
- Abstract
- The energy barrier for the intramolecular proton transfer between zinc-bound
water and His 64 in the active site of human carbonic anhydrase II (HCA II) has
been studied at the partial retention of diatomic differential overlap (PRDDO)
level. The most important stabilizing factor for the intramolecular proton
transfer is the zinc ion, which lowers the pKa of zinc-bound water and
electrostatically repels the proton. The energy barrier of 127.5 kcal/mol for
proton transfer between a water dimer is completely removed in the presence of
the zinc ion. The zinc ligands, which donate electrons to the zinc ion, raise
the barrier slightly to 34 kcal/mol for a 4-coordinated zinc complex including
three imidazole ligands from His 94, His 96, and His 119 and to 54 kcal/mol for
the 5-coordinated zinc complex including the fifth water ligand. A few model
calculations indicate that these energy barriers are expected to be reduced to
within experimental range (approximately 10 kcal/mol) when large basis set,
correlation energies, and molecular dynamics are considered. The proton-transfer
group, which functions as proton receiver in the intramolecular proton transfer,
helps to attract the proton; and the partially ordered active site water
molecules are important for proton relay function.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89118287
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Carbon Dioxide|*ME; Carbonate Dehydratase|*ME; Histidine|*; Zinc|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Binding Sites; Human; Kinetics; Protein Binding; Protons; Support, U.S.
Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Water
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-2960
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 78 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The allosteric three-site model for the ribosomal elongation cycle. New
insights into the inhibition mechanisms of aminoglycosides, thiostrepton, and
viomycin.
- Author
- Hausner TP; Geigenmüller U; Nierhaus KH
- Address
- Max-Planck-Institut fÂur Molekulare Genetik, Abteilung Wittmann,
Berlin-Dahlem, West Germany.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Sep, 263:26, 13103-11
- Abstract
- According to the allosteric three-site model for the ribosomal elongation
cycle (Rheinberger, H.J. and Nierhaus, K.H. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261,
9133-9139), two types of A site (aminoacyl-tRNA site) occupation exist. First is
the A site occupation after initiation (i-type), with only one site, the P site
(peptidyl-tRNA site), being prefilled with a tRNA (initiator tRNA). Second is
the A site occupation after an elongation cycle (e-type), with two prefilled
sites, namely the P and E sites containing peptidyl-tRNA and deacylated tRNA,
respectively. The individual reactions of the elongation cycle were tested,
including both types of A site occupation in the presence of various
antibiotics. A test system was used allowing the functional studies to be made
with quantitative tRNA binding at 6 mM Mg2+. The following results were
obtained: 1) thiostrepton (5 x 10(-6) M) induced a complete block of both
EF-(elongation factor) G dependent and EF-G independent translocation, in
agreement with older observations. The A-site occupation of the e-type was
severely inhibited in contrast to that of the i-type. Thus, thiostrepton blocks
the allosteric transitions in both directions, i.e. the transition from pre- to
post-translocational state (translocation) and that from the post- to the
pre-translocational state (A site occupation of the e-type). In addition the
ribosomal binding of EF-G.[3H] GMPPNP was inhibited by about 60%. 2) Similarly,
viomycin (5 x 10(-5) M) appears to be an inhibitor of both allosteric
transitions, since it strongly inhibited the e-type (but not the i-type) A site
occupation in addition to translocation. 3) The aminoglycosides streptomycin,
hygromycin B, neomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin prevented A site occupation of
the e-type (residual activity below 15%). Neomycin and hygromycin, in addition,
blocked the translocation reaction. Only marginal effects were observed with A
site occupation of the i-type. It appears that the inhibition of the A site
binding of the e-type (allosteric transition from the post- to the
pretranslocational state) is the predominant effect of the misreading-inducing
aminoglycosides.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88330807
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aminoglycosides|*PD; Antibiotics|*PD; Galactosyltransferases|*ME;
Ribosomes|*DE; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific|*ME; RNA, Transfer, Phe|*ME;
Thiostrepton|*PD; Viomycin|*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Escherichia coli|GE; Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate|ME; Lincomycin|PD;
Magnesium|ME; Models, Genetic; Peptide Elongation Factors|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 79 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Sequences between the internal control regions of tRNAArg of Drosophila
melanogaster influence stimulation of transcription of the 5' flanking DNA.
- Author
- Horvath D; Spiegelman GB
- Address
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver,
Canada.
- Source
- Nucleic Acids Res, 1988 Mar, 16:6, 2585-99
- Abstract
- Recombinants between 5' deletion mutants of a tRNA(3bVal) gene which is
inactive as an in vitro transcription template and a tRNAArg gene, which is an
active in vitro template were made. The 5' flanking region of tRNA(Arg)
including 36 nucleotides of the coding sequence of the gene stimulated
transcription of the tRNA(3bVal), deleted to the +17 position, gene by over 50
fold. When the 5' flanking region of the tRNA(Arg) gene included 22 nucleotides
of the coding sequence stimulation was reduced by a factor of 3. Thus the
sequences between +22 and +36 of tRNA(Arg) are required to permit maximum
stimulation of tRNA(3bVal) in vitro template activity.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88203201
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Drosophila melanogaster|*GE; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid|*; RNA,
Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific|*GE; RNA, Transfer, Arg|*GE; Transcription,
Genetic|*
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Base Sequence; DNA Mutational Analysis; DNA, Recombinant;
Endonucleases|PD; Genes, Structural; In Vitro; RNA, Transfer, Val|GE; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0305-1048
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 80 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Inhibition of protein synthesis by a Vero toxin (VT2 or Shiga-like toxin II)
produced by Escherichia coli O157:H7 at the level of elongation factor
1-dependent aminoacyl-tRNA binding to ribosomes.
- Author
- Ogasawara T; Ito K; Igarashi K; Yutsudo T; Nakabayashi N; Takeda Y
- Address
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan.
- Source
- Microb Pathog, 1988 Feb, 4:2, 127-35
- Abstract
- A Vero toxin (VT2 or Shiga-like toxin II) from Escherichia coli O157:H7 was
shown to inhibit protein synthesis in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate, but not in
wheat germ or Ercherichia coli lysates. The toxin, VT2, inactivated 60S
ribosomal subunits of rabbit reticulocytes. The site of inhibition of protein
synthesis by VT2 was shown to be elongation factor 1-dependent aminoacyl-tRNA
binding to ribosomes. VT2 did not affect Met-tRNAf binding to ribosomes,
non-enzymatic binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes, peptide bond formation or
translocation.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89070296
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Bacterial Toxins|*PD; Escherichia coli|*PY; Peptide Elongation Factors|*AI;
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors|*; Ribonucleoproteins|*AI; Ribosomes|*DE/ME; RNA,
Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell-Free System; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Globin|BI; GTP
Phosphohydrolase|ME; Peptides|BI; Protein Binding; Rabbits; Rats; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0882-4010
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 81 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Identification of a protein factor binding to the 5'-flanking region of a
tRNA gene and being involved in modulation of tRNA gene transcription in vivo in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- Author
- Marschalek R; Dingermann T
- Address
- Institut fÂur Biochemie der Medizinischen FakultÂat, UniversitÂat
Erlangen-NÂurnberg, FRG.
- Source
- Nucleic Acids Res, 1988 Jul, 16:14B, 6737-52
- Abstract
- Control mechanisms of tRNA gene transcription were studied in vivo in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In order to be able to monitor in vivo transcription
products of an individual tRNA gene, a 'tester gene' was used which is readily
transcribed in vivo in yeast but does not cross-hybridize with any cellular
yeast tRNA. A series of insertion mutants were constructed, modifying thereby
the immediate and further distant 5'-flanking region of the 'tester tRNA gene'.
Small linker molecules of different length and different sequence were inserted
at positions -3 and -56 on the non-coding strand. Resulting tRNA gene variants
were transformed into yeast cells and in vivo synthesized products were
monitored by primer extension analysis. From the experimental data we suggest
that a few essential nucleotides within the flanking region are able to
determine the in vivo transcription activity of the 'tester tRNA gene'. Our
results are rationalized on a biochemical level by protein binding assays: At
least one protein binds to the 5'-flanking region of the 'tester tRNA gene' and
different protein complexes are sequestered on active or less active tRNA gene
variants.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88303307
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- DNA, Fungal|*GE; Nuclear Proteins|*PH; RNA, Fungal|*GE; RNA, Transfer, Amino
Acid-Specific|*GE; RNA, Transfer, Val|*GE; Saccharomyces cerevisiae|*GE;
Transcription Factors|*PH; Transcription, Genetic|*
- MeSH Heading
- Base Sequence; Gene Expression Regulation; Molecular Sequence Data;
Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0305-1048
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 82 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Effect of uridine dethiolation in the anticodon triplet of tRNA(Glu) on its
association with tRNA(Phe).
- Author
- Houssier C; Degée P; Nicoghosian K; Grosjean H
- Address
- Laboratoire de Chimie MacromolÆeculaire et Chimie Physique, UniversitÆe de
LiÄege, Belgium.
- Source
- J Biomol Struct Dyn, 1988 Jun, 5:6, 1259-66
- Abstract
- The effect of U(34) dethiolation on the anticodon-anticodon association
between E. coli tRNA(Glu) and yeast tRNA(Phe) has been studied by the
temperature jump relaxation technique. An important destabilization upon
replacement of the thioketo group of s2U(34) by a keto group, was revealed by a
lowering of melting temperature of about 20 degrees C. The measured kinetic
parameters indicated that this destabilization effect was originated in an
increase of dissociation and a decrease of association rate constants by a
factor of 4 to 5. Modifications in both stacking interactions and flexibility in
the anticodon loop would be responsible for this effect.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 90148456
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Anticodon|*ME/UL; RNA, Transfer|*ME; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific|*ME;
RNA, Transfer, Glu|*ME; RNA, Transfer, Phe|*ME; Thiouridine|*
- MeSH Heading
- Circular Dichroism; Nucleic Acid Denaturation; RNA, Bacterial|ME; RNA,
Fungal|ME; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0739-1102
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 83 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Separation of formyl-methionyl transfer RNA, methionyl transfer RNA, and
transfer RNAfmet using mixed-mode high-performance liquid chromatography on
C6-modified aminopropylsilyl-hypersil.
- Author
- Ricker RD; Kaji A
- Address
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology,
Philadelphia 19104-6076.
- Source
- Anal Biochem, 1988 Nov, 175:1, 327-33
- Abstract
- Preparative amounts of formyl-methionyl-tRNAfmet, methionyl-tRNAfmet, and
tRNAfmet were separated from each other with baseline resolution in 30 min using
mixed-mode HPLC on hexanoic anhydride-modified aminopropylsilyl-Hypersil 2. Pure
tRNAfmet was aminoacylated with [35S]methionine in the presence or absence of a
formyl donor and was immediately fractionated on the column. Two isoacceptors,
tRNA1fmet and tRNA2fmet, as well as aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were clearly
separated from each other. The purified f[35S]-methionyl-tRNA was biologically
active in that as much as 98% could be bound to ribosomes in response to AUGUAA
in vitro. Formyl-methionine was released from this complex by the action of
termination factor and greater than 92% of bound formyl-methionine was released
by puromycin.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89226327
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid|*MT; RNA, Transfer, Amino
Acid-Specific|*IP; RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl|*IP; RNA, Transfer, Met|*IP
- MeSH Heading
- Escherichia coli|AN; Hexanoic Acids; RNA, Bacterial|IP; Silicones
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0003-2697
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 84 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Restrained refinement of two crystalline forms of yeast aspartic acid and
phenylalanine transfer RNA crystals.
- Author
- Westhof E; Dumas P; Moras D
- Address
- Institut de Biologie MolÆeculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France.
- Source
- Acta Crystallogr A, 1988 Mar, 44 ( Pt 2):, 112-23
- Abstract
- Four transfer RNA crystals, the monoclinic and orthorhombic forms of yeast
tRNA(Phe) as well as forms A and B of yeast tRNA(Asp), have been submitted to
the same restrained least-squares refinement program and refined to an R factor
well below 20% for about 4500 reflections between 10 and 3 A. In yeast tRNA(Asp)
crystals the molecules exist as dimers with base pairings of the anticodon (AC)
triplets and labilization of the tertiary interaction between one invariant
guanine of the dihydrouridine (D) loop and the invariant cytosine of the thymine
(T) loop (G19-C56). In yeast tRNA(Phe) crystals, the molecules exist as monomers
with only weak intermolecular packing contacts between symmetry-related
molecules. Despite this, the tertiary folds of the L-shaped tRNA structures are
identical when allowance is made for base sequence changes between tRNA(Phe) and
tRNA(Asp). However, the relative mobilities of two regions are inverse in the
two structures with the AC loop more mobile than the D loop in tRNA(Phe) and the
D loop more mobile than the AC loop in tRNA(Asp). In addition, the T loop
becomes mobile in tRNA(Asp). The present refinements were performed to exclude
packing effects or refinement bias as possible sources of such differential
dynamic behavior. It is concluded that the transfer of flexibility from the
anticodon to the D- and T-loop region in tRNA(Asp) is not a crystal-line
artefact. Further, analysis of the four structures supports a mechanism for the
flexibility transfer through base stacking in the AC loop and concomitant
variations in twist angles between base pairs of the anticodon helix which
propagate up to the D- and T-loop region.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 90166328
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific|*; RNA, Transfer, Asp|*; RNA, Transfer,
Phe|*; Yeasts|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Anticodon; Base Composition; Chemistry, Physical; Crystallography; Nucleic
Acid Conformation; Temperature
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0108-7673
- Country of Publication
- DENMARK
Record 85 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Functional analysis of the interaction of a tissue-specific factor with an
upstream enhancer element of the rat prolactin gene.
- Author
- Kim KE; Day RN; Maurer RA
- Address
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City
52242.
- Source
- Mol Endocrinol, 1988 Dec, 2:12, 1374-81
- Abstract
- A nuclear factor which binds to an upstream element of the rat PRL gene has
been identified and the functional properties of the factor-DNA interaction have
been assessed by mutagenesis of the factor binding sites. Gel mobility shift
assays have been used to identify a factor which binds to a fragment from the
-1712 to -1494 region of the rat PRL gene. The DNA binding factor is present in
nuclear extracts from PRL-producing GH3 cells, but not in nuclear extracts from
several other cell lines. Although previous studies have shown that the estrogen
receptor binds to this region of DNA, chromatography on heparin-agarose
demonstrated that the factor detected by mobility shift assay is probably not
the estrogen receptor. Nuclease protection experiments demonstrate that the
factor binds to a discrete region at positions -1666 to -1652. The protected
region includes half of a palindrome, TCATTAT ... ATAATGA. Mutagenesis by T to G
transversions of either both halves of this symmetrical sequence, or only the
upstream portion shown to interact with the factor substantially reduced factor
binding as assessed by gel mobility shift assay. Transfer of fusion genes
containing this region of DNA into GH3 cells demonstrated that the -1712 to
-1494 region has a basal enhancer activity which is reduced severalfold by T to
G mutagenesis of the complete dyad symmetry at positions -1665 to -1644. The
results suggest that the -1712 to -1494 region of the rat PRL gene contains two
relatively independent elements. One element, located at positions -1582 to
-1569, interacts with the estrogen receptor and mediates estrogenic stimulation
of transcription.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89112219
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Enhancer Elements (Genetics)|*; Prolactin|*GE/ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Base Sequence; Cells, Cultured; DNA|AN/ME; Estrogens|PD; Molecular
Sequence Data; Rats; Receptors, Estrogen|DE/ME; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.;
Transcription, Genetic|DE
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0888-8809
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 86 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Brownian dynamics simulations of intramolecular energy transfer.
- Author
- Berger JW; Vanderkooi JM
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
- Source
- Biophys Chem, 1988 Jul, 30:3, 257-69
- Abstract
- A novel technique for modelling intramolecular energy transfer is presented.
Brownian dynamics calculations are used to compute the trajectories of donor and
acceptor species, and the instantaneous orientation factor is calculated during
each temporal iteration. In this work, several model systems are considered.
Trajectories were computed for energy transfer between a flexible donor and a
rigidly fixed acceptor. We have considered configurations where the donor is,
(1) tethered to a fixed point in space, but free to diffuse rotationally, and
(2) constrained to wobble in a cone. The luminescence decay of the donor is
'measured', and a non-single-exponential decay is observed for configurations of
efficient energy transfer. Luminescence anisotropy measurements of constrained
and unconstrained donors reflect the contribution of both energy transfer and
rotational diffusion to the shape of the anisotropy decay curve.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89088430
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Energy Transfer|*; Models, Chemical|*
- MeSH Heading
- Chemistry; Kinetics; Luminescence; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Time Factors
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0301-4622
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 87 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Tissue distribution, purification and characterization of rat
phosphatidylinositol transfer protein.
- Author
- Venuti SE; Helmkamp GM Jr
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
66103.
- Source
- Biochim Biophys Acta, 1988 Dec, 946:1, 119-28
- Abstract
- Phosphatidylinositol transfer activity is measured in cytosol fractions
prepared from 13 rat tissues; specific activity is highest in brain and lowest
in adipose and skeletal muscle. Based upon electrophoretic analysis
phosphatidylinositol transfer protein is purified to homogeneity from whole rat
brain. The protein has a molecular weight of 36,000 and exists as a mixture of
species having isoelectric points of 4.9 and 5.3. In a vesicle-vesicle assay
system, the intermembrane transfer rate is greatest for phosphatidylinositol and
less by a factor of 2 for phosphatidylcholine; transfer of
phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine or sphingomyelin is not observed.
Using a polyclonal rabbit antibody against bovine phosphatidylinositol transfer
protein, immunologic cross-reactivity is noted between the rat protein and other
mammalian phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins. A strong correlation is
established between a tissue's capacity for phosphatidylinositol transfer and
the amount of immunoreactive transfer protein seen in that tissue. Purified
phosphatidylinositol transfer protein is capable of transporting newly
synthesized phosphatidylinositol molecules from rat brain microsomes to small
unilamellar phospholipid vesicles. The results are discussed within the context
of cellular phosphoinositide metabolism and the maintenance of the metabolically
responsive pool of phosphatidylinositol in the plasma membrane.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89088183
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Carrier Proteins|IP/*PK
- MeSH Heading
- Adipose Tissue|AN; Animal; Brain Chemistry; Isoelectric Point; Male;
Molecular Weight; Muscles|AN; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Support, U.S. Gov't,
P.H.S.; Tissue Distribution
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-3002
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 88 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- A tridecamer DNA sequence supports human mitochondrial RNA 3'-end formation
in vitro.
- Author
- Christianson TW; Clayton DA
- Address
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, California
94305-5324.
- Source
- Mol Cell Biol, 1988 Oct, 8:10, 4502-9
- Abstract
- Vertebrate mitochondrial genomes contain a putative transcription
termination site at the boundary between the genes for 16S rRNA and leucyl-tRNA.
We have described previously an in vitro transcription system from human cells
with the capacity to generate RNA 3' ends with the same map positions as those
synthesized in vivo. By assaying the ability of variously truncated templates to
support 3'-end formation, we demonstrated that the tridecamer sequence
5'-TGGCAGAGCCCCGG-3', contained entirely within the gene for leucyl-tRNA, is
necessary to direct accurate termination. When two tridecamer sequences and
their immediate flanking regions were placed in tandem, termination occurred at
both promoter-proximal and promoter-distal sites. Furthermore, termination was
competitively inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, by DNA containing
the tridecamer sequence. These results suggest a modest sequence requirement for
transcription termination that is contingent on a factor capable of recognizing
the presence of the tridecamer DNA sequence.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89039880
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- DNA, Mitochondrial|*GE; Genes, Regulator|*; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic
Acid|*; RNA, Ribosomal|*GE; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S|*GE; RNA, Transfer, Amino
Acid-Specific|*GE; RNA, Transfer, Leu|*GE; Terminator Regions (Genetics)|*
- MeSH Heading
- Base Sequence; Chromosome Deletion; DNA Mutational Analysis; Human; In
Vitro; RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; Structure-Activity Relationship;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0270-7306
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 89 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Regulation of polypeptide-chain initiation in rat skeletal muscle.
Starvation does not alter the activity or phosphorylation state of initiation
factor eIF-2.
- Author
- Cox S; Redpath NT; Proud CG
- Address
- Biological Laboratory, University, Canterbury, England.
- Source
- FEBS Lett, 1988 Nov, 239:2, 333-8
- Abstract
- In rats, 48-h starvation causes a decrease in the rate of protein synthesis
in skeletal (e.g. gastrocnemius) muscle, due largely to impairment of
peptide-chain initiation. In other cell types inhibition of initiation is
associated with decreased activity and recycling of initiation factor eIF-2, and
increased phosphorylation of its alpha-subunit. However, 48-h starvation has no
effect on the activity or recycling of eIF-2 measured in extracts of
gastrocnemius muscle, or on the level of alpha-subunit phosphorylation. The
effects of starvation on peptide-chain initiation in skeletal muscle must
therefore involve alterations in other components of the translational
machinery.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89031258
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Muscles|*ME; Peptide Initiation Factors|*ME; Proteins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Guanosine Diphosphate|ME; Guanosine Triphosphate|ME; Kinetics; Male;
Phosphorylation; Polyribosomes|ME/UL; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference
Values; Ribosomes|ME; RNA, Transfer, Met|ME; Starvation; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0014-5793
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 90 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Is the carbon monoxide transfer factor diminished in the presence of
diabetic retinopathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus?
- Author
- Britton J
- Address
- Respiratory Medicine Unit, City Hospital, Nottingham, England.
- Source
- Eur Respir J, 1988 May, 1:5, 403-6
- Abstract
- Impaired carbon monoxide gas transfer has been demonstrated in patients with
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but no relationship has been
documented between impairment of gas transfer and the presence of other clinical
evidence of diabetic microangiopathy. This study set out to determine whether
carbon monoxide gas transfer was related to the presence of microangiopathy by
measuring the carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (KCO) in twenty patients with
IDDM complicated by retinopathy, and in twenty patients without retinopathy. The
patients were reasonably matched for age (mean 47 yrs in the retinopathy group,
41 yrs in the non-retinopathy group) but those with retinopathy had a longer
mean duration of diabetes (23 yrs vs 13 yrs). Carbon monoxide transfer
coefficient was normal in both groups, with no significant difference between
them. Values for forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital
capacity (FVC) were lower than predicted in the retinopathy group (92 (SEM 3.6%)
and 91 (SEM 4.0%) respectively, p less than 0.05) but were not significantly
different from those in the non-retinopathy group. This study demonstrates
normal lung function in IDDM, with no relationship between impairment of gas
transfer and the presence of microangiopathy elsewhere.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89005552
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Carbon Monoxide|PD/*PH; Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent|*PP; Diabetic
Retinopathy|*PP
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Forced Expiratory Volume; Human; Male; Middle Age; Pulmonary Gas
Exchange|DE; Smoking|PP; Spirometry; Vital Capacity|DE
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0903-1936
- Country of Publication
- DENMARK
Record 91 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Evidence that the two amino termini of plasma fibronectin are in close
proximity: a fluorescence energy transfer study.
- Author
- Wolff C; Lai CS
- Address
- Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
- Source
- Biochemistry, 1988 May, 27:9, 3483-7
- Abstract
- A fluorescence energy transfer technique has been used to study the
intramolecular distance between the two amino termini of human plasma
fibronectin. The glutamine-3 residue near the amino terminus of each chain was
labeled enzymatically with either monodansylcadaverine or
monofluoresceinylcadaverine by use of coagulation factor XIIIa. The nonradiative
fluorescence energy transfer between the dansyl (donor) and fluorescein
(acceptor) pair in the same protein molecule was determined from steady-state
fluorescence measurements. On the basis of the transfer efficiency of 78%, the
intramolecular distance between two glutamine-3 residues of fibronectin was
estimated to be approximately 23 A, suggesting that the two amino termini of
plasma fibronectin are in close proximity. High salt, which affects the
hydrodynamic properties of the protein, has no effect on the measured distance.
The results support the contention that both compact (in low salt) and expanded
(in high salt) conformers of fibronectin are relatively spherical in shape.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88269545
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Fibronectins|*BL
- MeSH Heading
- Energy Transfer; Human; Osmolar Concentration; Protein Conformation;
Spectrometry, Fluorescence|MT; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-2960
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 92 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Preliminary results using pentoxifylline in a pronuclear stage tubal
transfer (PROST) program for severe male factor infertility.
- Author
- Yovich JM; Edirisinghe WR; Cummins JM; Yovich JL
- Address
- PIVET Medical Centre University of Western Australia, Perth.
- Source
- Fertil Steril, 1988 Jul, 50:1, 179-81
- Abstract
- In vitro trials with washed spermatozoa incubated in medium containing 1
mg/ml of the methyl xanthine phosphodiesterase inhibitor PF showed improved
counts of total motile and total progressively motile spermatozoa in cases of
oligospermia/asthenospermia. Application of this agent in a PROST program for a
series of nine couples presenting for treatment with histories of failed
fertilization in vitro resulted in five pregnancies (four singleton, one
triplet) and the subsequent delivery of normal infants. The results warrant
further evaluation of this sperm treatment for cases of severe male factor
infertility.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88255360
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Embryo Transfer|*; Fertilization in Vitro|*; Infertility, Male|*DT;
Pentoxifylline|*TU; Theobromine|*AA
- MeSH Heading
- Human; Male; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0015-0282
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 93 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Identification of proteins of the 40 S ribosomal subunit involved in
interaction with initiation factor eIF-2 in the quaternary initiation complex by
means of monospecific antibodies.
- Author
- Bommer UA; Stahl J; Henske A; Lutsch G; Bielka H
- Address
- Academy of Sciences of the GDR, Department of Cell Physiology, Berlin-Buch.
- Source
- FEBS Lett, 1988 Jun, 233:1, 114-8
- Abstract
- Monospecific polyclonal antibodies against seven proteins of the 40 S
subunit of rat liver ribosomes were used to identify ribosomal proteins involved
in interaction with initiation factor eIF-2 in the quaternary initiation complex
[eIF-2 X GMPPCP X [3H]Met-tRNAf X 40 S ribosomal subunit]. Dimeric immune
complexes of 40 S subunits mediated by antibodies against ribosomal proteins
S3a, S13/16, S19 and S24 were found to be unable to bind the ternary initiation
complex [eIF-2 X GMPPCP X [3H]Met-tRNAf]. In contrast, 40 S dimers mediated by
antibodies against proteins S2, S3 and S17 were found to bind the ternary
complex. Therefore, from the ribosomal proteins tested, only proteins S3a,
S13/16, S19 and S24 are concluded to be involved in eIF-2 binding to the 40 S
subunit.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88255275
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Immunoassay|*; Liver|*UL; Peptide Initiation Factors|*ME; Proteins|*ME;
Ribosomal Proteins|*ME; Ribosomes|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Cross-Linking Reagents; Guanosine
Triphosphate|AA/ME; Macromolecular Systems; Rats; RNA, Transfer, Met|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0014-5793
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 94 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Affinity labeling by a photoreactive GTP analogue of the alpha-subunit of
eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2 in different initiation complexes.
- Author
- Bommer UA; Salimans MM; Kurzchalia TV; Voorma HO; Karpova GG
- Address
- Department of Cell Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the GDR, Berlin-Buch.
- Source
- Biochem Int, 1988 Mar, 16:3, 549-57
- Abstract
- The interaction of GTP with initiation factor eIF-2 in different complexes
was studied by affinity labeling using a derivative of [3H]GTP carrying a
photoreactive group in the alpha-phosphate moiety. In the binary complex
[eIF-2.GTP analogue], in the ternary complex [eIF-2.GTP analogue.Met-tRNAf] as
well as in the eIF-2. eIF-2B complex the alpha-subunit of eIF-2 was found to be
specifically labeled. GTP is concluded to interact during polypeptide chain
initiation with the alpha-subunit of eIF-2 at least by its alpha-phosphate
group.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88251451
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Affinity Labels|*ME; Azides|*ME; Guanosine Triphosphate|*AA/ME; Liver|*ME;
Peptide Chain Initiation|*; Peptide Initiation Factors|*ME; Proteins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Molecular Weight; Rats; Reticulocytes|ME; RNA, Transfer, Amino
Acyl|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0158-5231
- Country of Publication
- AUSTRALIA
Record 95 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Dependence of O2 transfer conductance of red blood cells on cellular
dimensions.
- Author
- Yamaguchi K; Jürgens KD; Bartels H; Scheid P; Piiper J
- Address
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Source
- Adv Exp Med Biol, 1988, 222:, 571-8
- Abstract
- To estimate the significance of the dimensions of RBC on O2 transfer, the
kinetics of O2 release from RBC into medium containing dithionite (40 mmol/l)
was measured, by a stopped-flow technique, for nine different species with
varying RBC size (man, llama, vicuna, alpaca, dromedary camel, pygmy goat,
domestic hen, muscovy duck and turtle). The observed O2 transfer kinetics were
found to be size-dependent, i.e. the O2 transfer conductance of the single RBC,
gst, was lower, whereas the specific O2 transfer conductance of packed RBC, Gst,
or of whole blood, theta st, was higher for smaller RBC. The ratio of surface
area to effective diffusion path length which was found to be about one fourth
of the mean cell thickness irrespective of cell size and cell shape, may be
considered as the essential morphological factor determining O2 transfer
efficiency of the single RBC.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88206948
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Erythrocytes|CY/*ME; Oxygen|*BL; Oxyhemoglobins|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Blood Flow Velocity; Comparative Study; Human; Species Specificity
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0065-2598
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 96 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Evidence for an adverse effect of elevated serum estradiol concentrations on
embryo implantation.
- Author
- Forman R; Fries N; Testart J; Belaisch Allart J; Hazout A; Frydman R
- Address
- Institut National de la SantÆe et de la Recherche MÆedicale, Unite 187,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, HÈopital Antoine BÆeclÄere, Clamart
France.
- Source
- Fertil Steril, 1988 Jan, 49:1, 118-22
- Abstract
- Multiple follicular stimulation for IVF may be associated with greatly
elevated serum E2 concentrations that are presumed to be antinidatory. This
factor was analyzed in 825 consecutive embryo transfer cycles. The pregnancy
rate decreased significantly after the transfer of one and two embryos in
association with preovulatory E2 levels greater than the 90th percentile for the
group (2320 pg/ml). The pregnancy rate did not vary with preovulatory E2
concentration following the transfer of three embryos. Highly significant
correlations were noted between preovulatory E2 and early luteal phase
concentrations of E2 and P. In a subgroup of 245 cycles, there were no
significant relationships between implantation and early luteal phase levels of
P or the ratio of E2/P. There was a small but nonsignificant tendency for the
pregnancy rate to decrease in association with raised luteal E2. It is concluded
that excessive E2 levels at the time of ovulation induction with hCG had an
adverse effect on implantation when one or two embryos are transferred, but this
may be overcome by the transfer of three embryos. The consequences for embryo
transfer are discussed.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88083714
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Embryo Transfer|*; Estradiol|*BL; Ovum Implantation|*
- MeSH Heading
- Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Human; Luteal Phase; Menstrual Cycle;
Progesterone|BL
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0015-0282
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 97 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Hyperstimulation: the need for cryopreservation of embryos.
- Author
- Van den Abbeel E; Van der Elst J; Van Waesberghe L; Camus M; Devroey P; Khan
I; Smitz J; Staessen C; Wisanto A; Van Steirteghem A
- Address
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Academic Hospital and Medical School,
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
- Source
- Hum Reprod, 1988 Oct, 3 Suppl 2:, 53-7
- Abstract
- Successful application of in-vitro fertilization (IVF), zygote
intra-Fallopian transfer (ZIFT) and gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT)
requires ovarian hyperstimulation for the maturation of multiple follicles. To
control the risk of multiple pregnancies, the number of gametes (GIFT) or
embryos (IVF, ZIFT) replaced is limited to three. For the supernumerary embryos
resulting from IVF, ZIFT or GIFT, the strategy is cryopreservation for a later
transfer. Cryopreservation was performed using either dimethylsulphoxide or
1,2-propanediol as a cryoprotective agent. Embryos were frozen either in the
pronucleate stage with 1,2-propanediol or in the multicellular stage with
dimethylsulphoxide or 1,2-propanediol. Survival after thawing was scored for
both cryoprotective agents as a function of the developmental stage of the
embryo and the embryonic quality. Evaluation of survival after thawing was
performed on the basis of morphological intactness of the 1-cell pronucleate
embryo or of the blastomeres of multicellular embryos. For pronucleate stage
embryos, the use of 1,2-propanediol resulted in a 60% survival after thawing.
For 2-cell stage embryos the survival was similar for dimethylsulphoxide and
1,2-propanediol. Later stage embryos survived better when dimethylsulphoxide was
the cryoprotectant. For all stages, embryo quality before freezing was a crucial
factor in survival after thawing. The pregnancy rate (12.2%) was similar for the
two cryopreservation protocols. In conclusion, the choice of an appropriate
cryoprotective agent can increase the survival after thawing when embryos are of
good quality before freezing.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89155720
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Cryoprotective Agents|*; Dimethyl Sulfoxide|*; Embryo|*; Embryo Transfer|*;
Fertilization in Vitro|*MT; Preservation, Biological|*MT; Propylene Glycols|*
- MeSH Heading
- Female; Freezing; Human; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0268-1161
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 98 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The nutrient factor queuine: biosynthesis, occurrence in transfer RNA and
function.
- Author
- Kersten H
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Erlangen-NÂurnberg, Fahrstrasse,
FRG.
- Source
- Biofactors, 1988 Jan, 1:1, 27-9
- Abstract
- Queuine, 7-((
(4,5-cis-dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-yl)-amino]-methyl)-7-deazagu ani ne is
synthesized de novo only in eubacteria and is preseent in place of guanine 34 in
specific tRNAs containing anticodones GUN where N is one of the four canonical
nucleotides. The biosynthetic pathway starting with GTP shares common steps with
that of pteridines and riboflavin, and involves iron ions and a 'vitamin B12'
coenzyme. Lower and higher eukaryotes are supplied with queuine by nutrition or
the intestinal flora. The modification of tRNA with queuine is tissue specific
and depends on the metabolic state of cells and tissues. Starvation for queuine
and/or Q-deficiency in tRNA causes a few specific changes in the pattern of
protein synthesis involving lactate dehydrogenases and cytochromes.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89351483
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Guanine|*AA/BI/ME; RNA, Transfer|*GE/ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Anticodon|GE; Base Sequence
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0951-6433
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 99 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Codon choice and gene expression: synonymous codons differ in their ability
to direct aminoacylated-transfer RNA binding to ribosomes in vitro.
- Author
- Thomas LK; Dix DB; Thompson RC
- Address
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of
Colorado, Boulder 80309.
- Source
- Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1988 Jun, 85:12, 4242-6
- Abstract
- Phe-tRNA (anticodon GAA)--polypeptide-chain elongation factor Tu-GTP ternary
complexes react faster with ribosomes programmed with UUC codons than with
ribosomes programmed with UUU codons. A similar preference is shown by Leu-tRNA2
(anticodon GAG) complexes, which react faster with ribosomes programmed with CUC
than with those programmed with CUU. The difference is seen in the rate of
ternary-complex binding to the ribosome; no differences are seen in peptide-bond
formation. Highly expressed mRNAs in Escherichia coli favor codons terminating
in cytosine rather than uracil when both codons are read by a single tRNA with
an anticodon beginning with guanine. The results suggest that intrinsic
differences between the efficiencies of synonymous codons play an important role
in modulating gene expression in E. coli.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88247998
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Codon|*; Escherichia coli|*GE/ME; Ribosomes|*ME; RNA, Messenger|*; RNA,
Transfer, Amino Acyl|GE/*ME; Transcription, Genetic|*
- MeSH Heading
- Base Sequence; Guanosine Triphosphate|ME; Kinetics; Support, U.S. Gov't,
P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 100 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Dependence of instantaneous transfer function on regional ischemic
myocardial volume.
- Author
- Hashiguchi R; Koiwa Y; Ohyama T; Takagi T; Kikuchi J; Butler JP; Takishima T
- Address
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine,
Sendai, Japan.
- Source
- Circ Res, 1988 Dec, 63:6, 1003-11
- Abstract
- To obtain the instantaneous left ventricular transfer function curve
(instantaneous TFC) under conditions of regional ischemia, sinusoidal
accelerations ranging from 30 to 150 Hz were applied to a small area of the
epicardium of cross-circulated isovolumic canine left ventricle, and the
contralateral acceleration was measured under control and during regional
coronary occlusion (n = 11). The TFC is the ratio of the output to input
acceleration amplitudes. The instantaneous TFC was characterized as a
single-peaked configuration under control coronary perfusion. However, TFCs
progressively changed from a single-peaked to a double-peaked configuration
during regional ischemia. To quantify this change in instantaneous TFC, we
defined an index D as the mean squared difference of TFC during ischemia from
TFC during control. Index D was linearly related to the percent mass of the
ischemic region at 40 minutes after onset of ischemia. We conclude that 1)
transfer function curves are sensitive measures of myocardial heterogeneity and
2) the fractional ischemic weight of the ventricle is a major factor in
determination of the deformation in instantaneous TFC at the later stages of
regional ischemia.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89063654
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Coronary Disease|*PP/TH; Heart|*PP
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cardiology|IS; Dogs; Electrophysiology; Energy Transfer; Fourier
Analysis; Myocardial Reperfusion; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0009-7330
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 101 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- The MgADP-induced decrease of the SH1-SH2 fluorescence resonance energy
transfer distance of myosin subfragment 1 occurs in two kinetic steps.
- Author
- Garland F; Gonsoulin F; Cheung HC
- Address
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn 48128.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Aug, 263:24, 11621-3
- Abstract
- The fluorescence resonance energy transfer distance between
5-[2-[iodoacetyl)amino)ethyl]aminoaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid covalently attached
to the SH1 thiol of myosin subfragment 1 as the energy donor and
N-(4-dimethylamino-3,5-dinitrophenyl)maleimide attached to SH2 as the energy
acceptor has been found to decrease by about 7 A in the presence of MgADP
(Dalby, R. E., Weiel, J., and Yount, R. G. (1983) Biochemistry 22, 4696-4706;
Cheung, H. C., Gonsoulin, F., and Garland, F. (1985) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 832,
52-62). Fluorescence stopped-flow experiments on the same system have yielded
biphasic traces which are resolvable into a fast and slow component, k1 and k2,
respectively. Results of experiments in which k1 and k2 were measured as a
function of excess ADP concentration showed: 1) a nonlinear dependence of the
apparent rate constants on [ADP]; 2) k1 is a factor of 10 faster than k2. These
results are consistent with the 3-step mechanism previously proposed for
nucleotide binding to myosin S1 (Garland, F., and Cheung, H. C. (1979)
Biochemistry 18, 5281-5289). Kinetic experiments in which the anisotropy of the
donor was monitored show this quantity to be unchanged over the course of the
reaction. The biphasic decrease of donor intensity is assigned to an increase in
energy transfer efficiency which, from the above results, is due to a decrease
in donor-acceptor distance, occurring in two steps. The fast step is associated
with a 4-5-A decrease of the donor-acceptor separation, while the slow step is
associated with a further decrease of approximately 2 A.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88298826
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Adenosine Diphosphate|*PD; Magnesium|*PD; Myosin|*; Peptide Fragments|*;
Sulfhydryl Compounds|*
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Energy Transfer; Kinetics; Maleimides; Naphthalenesulfonates;
Rabbits; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 102 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Retinol-regulated gene expression in human tracheobronchial epithelial
cells. Enhanced expression of elongation factor EF-1 alpha.
- Author
- Ann DK; Wu MM; Huang T; Carlson DM; Wu R
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, California Primate Research
Center, Davis.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Mar, 263:8, 3546-9
- Abstract
- Conducting airway epithelial cells requires vitamin A or its synthetic
chemicals (retinoids) for their survival and for the expression of normal
mucociliary functions. By using molecular cloning, we have shown that one of the
effects of retinol on cultured human tracheobronchial epithelial (HTBE) cells is
the enhancement (from 2- to 4-fold) of the mRNA encoding the elongation factor
EF-1 alpha. Sequence analysis has shown that clone HT7, which was identified by
differential hybridization procedures, contained a cDNA insert which encoded a
protein closely resembling (81%) elongation factor EF-1 alpha from brine shrimp
and completely identical to the published sequence of human elongation factor
EF-1 alpha (Brands, H.H.G.M., Maassen, J.A., Van Hemert, F.J., Amons, R., and
Moller, W. (1986) Eur. J. Biochem. 155, 167-171). Regions of homology of HT7 to
EF-Tu from yeast mitochondria, plant chloroplasts, and Escherichia coli are also
evident. A single RNA band at 1700 bases was observed for both untreated and
retinol-treated HTBE cells, and for mouse liver and parotid glands when Northern
transfer from denaturing agarose gel was probed with a 32P-labeled HT7 insert.
An enhanced amino acid incorporation and increased protein content per cell for
HTBE cells grown in the presence of retinol were observed. Results presented by
these studies indicate that retinol may regulate the transcription of a factor
required for translation.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88153640
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Bronchi|*ME; Gene Expression Regulation|*DE; Genes, Structural|*DE; Peptide
Elongation Factors|*GE; Trachea|*ME; Transcription, Genetic|*DE; Vitamin A|*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Cells, Cultured; Cloning, Molecular;
Epithelium|ME; Human; Molecular Sequence Data; RNA, Messenger|GE; Support, U.S.
Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 103 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- A constitutive promoter directs expression of the nerve growth factor
receptor gene.
- Author
- Sehgal A; Patil N; Chao M
- Address
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cornell University Medical College,
New York, New York 10021.
- Source
- Mol Cell Biol, 1988 Aug, 8:8, 3160-7
- Abstract
- Expression of nerve growth factor receptor is normally restricted to cells
derived from the neural crest in a developmentally regulated manner. We analyzed
promoter sequences for the human nerve growth factor receptor gene and found
that the receptor promoter resembles others which are associated with
constitutively expressed genes that have housekeeping and growth-related
functions. Unlike these other genes, the initiation of transcription occurred at
one major site rather than at multiple sites. The constitutive nature of the
nerve growth factor receptor promoter may account for the ability of this gene
to be transcribed in a diverse number of heterologous cells after gene transfer.
The intron-exon structure of the receptor gene indicated that structural
features are precisely divided into discrete domains.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89096903
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Gene Expression Regulation|*; Genes, Structural|*; Nerve Growth Factors|*ME;
Promoter Regions (Genetics)|*; Receptors, Cell Surface|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Base Sequence; DNA Restriction Enzymes; Escherichia coli|GE; Human;
L Cells (Cell Line)|ME; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleotide Mapping;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Transfection
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0270-7306
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 104 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Synaptic transfer of rod signals to horizontal and bipolar cells in the
retina of the toad (Bufo marinus).
- Author
- Belgum JH; Copenhagen DR
- Address
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
- Source
- J Physiol (Lond), 1988 Feb, 396:, 225-45
- Abstract
- 1. Simultaneous intracellular recordings of responses to light flashes were
obtained from rod-horizontal cell and rod-hyperpolarizing bipolar cell pairs in
isolated retinae of the toad. The gain and temporal filtering of synaptic
transfer were characterized throughout the rods' range of light responses. 2.
Paired rod-horizontal cell and rod-bipolar cell responses to dim flashes (less
than 0.4 Rh*, where Rh* denotes effective photoisomerizations per rod per flash)
exhibited nearly the same time course. Analysis of the onset of the horizontal
cell responses revealed a temporal lag equivalent to a single stage of low-pass
filtering (tau f = 75-200 ms). No filtering was discerned in the transfer of
dim-flash responses from rods to bipolars. On average, horizontal cells were
five times as sensitive (mV/Rh*) and hyperpolarizing bipolar cells 10.7 times as
sensitive as their paired rods. 3. For brighter flashes, up to 1600 Rh*, the
rising and return phases of bipolar responses appeared to be simple scaled
versions of the rod responses. The scaling factor was equal to the ratio of
flash sensitivities for dim flashes. Rod responses greater than about 2 mV
produced a saturation of the bipolar cell response. 4. The return phases of the
horizontal cell responses were kinetically similar, scaled versions of the rod
responses for rod potentials less than about 5 mV. However, the rising phases
lagged significantly behind those of the rod. The effective time constant of the
lag increased proportionally with flash intensity. For the brighter flashes, the
horizontal cell response peaked as much as a second after the rod response. 5.
The linear scaling, minimal temporal filtering and saturation of the bipolar
cell responses were satisfactorily reproduced by a model of synaptic transfer
that assumed that the rate of transmitter release followed the rod voltage
exponentially and that the postsynaptic conductance followed Michaelis-Menten
saturation (Falk & Fatt, 1972). 6. The progressively longer lag in the
horizontal cell responses to brighter flashes was satisfactorily simulated by a
kinetically limited Falk and Fatt model which postulated that the effective
electrical time constant of the horizontal cell membrane strongly depended on
synaptic or voltage-modulated conductances. 7. Satisfactory model simulations of
all postsynaptic responses required that an e-fold change in the release rate of
transmitter from the rod be obtained with a 2 mV change in the rod potential.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88316697
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Photoreceptors|*PH; Retina|CY/*PH; Synapses|*PH
- MeSH Heading
- Action Potentials; Animal; Bufo marinus; Comparative Study; In Vitro;
Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Models, Neurological; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-3751
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 105 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Bipotential murine hemopoietic cell line (NFS-60) that is responsive to
IL-3, GM-CSF, G-CSF, and erythropoietin.
- Author
- Hara K; Suda T; Suda J; Eguchi M; Ihle JN; Nagata S; Miura Y; Saito M
- Address
- Division of Hemopoiesis, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi-ken, Japan.
- Source
- Exp Hematol, 1988 May, 16:4, 256-61
- Abstract
- NFS-60 cells were previously obtained from leukemia cells that were infected
with the Cas-Br-M murine leukemia virus in vivo. We examined the proliferation
and differentiation capacity of NFS-60 cells in the presence of native and
recombinant (r) interleukin 3 (IL-3), recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating
factor (rG-CSF), recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
(rGM-CSF), and r-erythropoietin (Ep) using methylcellulose culture methods. This
cell line was able to form colonies in response to each hemopoietic factor, but
colony formation was rarely seen in their absence. Some populations of NFS-60
cells could differentiate into neutrophils and macrophages in the presence of
IL-3 and GM-CSF. Moreover, in the presence of Ep, this cell line formed
well-hemoglobinized colonies as well as nonerythroid colonies. In the presence
of G-CSF, NFS-60 cells remained in the promyelocytic state. Electron microscopic
studies confirmed these morphologies. A single-cell transfer experiment
demonstrated that neutrophils, macrophages, and erythroblasts were derived from
a single cell. It is concluded that the NFS-60 cell line is a factor-dependent,
bipotential hemopoietic cell line.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88196253
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Erythropoietin|*PD; Growth Substances|*PD; Hematopoiesis|*DE; Hematopoietic
Stem Cells|PA/*PH
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Differentiation|DE; Cell Line; Colony-Forming Units Assay;
Colony-Stimulating Factors|PD; Interleukin-3|PD; Leukemia, Experimental|PA;
Mice; Micromanipulation; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0301-472X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 106 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The cell cycle can occur in starfish oocytes and embryos without the
production of transferable MPF (maturation-promoting factor).
- Author
- Picard A; Labbe JC; Doree M
- Address
- Laboratoire ARAGO, Banyuls sur Mer, France.
- Source
- Dev Biol, 1988 Jul, 128:1, 129-35
- Abstract
- All cells undergoing the transition from interphase to metaphase have been
postulated to contain a "maturation-promoting factor" (MPF) capable of causing
meiotic maturation when injected into immature oocytes. We have shown in an
accompanying paper (A. Picard, M. C. Harricane, J. C. Labbe, and M. Doreé, 1988,
Dev. Biol. 128, 121-128) that the basic oscillator driving the cell cycle still
operates in maturing starfish oocytes and fertilized eggs in the absence of
germinal vesicle (GV) material. Under such conditions of enucleation, we now
show, however, that MPF activity cannot be detected after hormonal stimulation
of prophase-arrested oocytes in Astropecten or after the normal time of second
meiotic cleavage in Marthasterias. In contrast, cell cycles occur with the
production of transferable MPF activity in embryos from which both pronuclei
have been removed after fertilization. Reinjection of the entire contents of a
GV after the normal time of second meiotic cleavage restores the ability of
cytoplasm to induce meiotic maturation in immature recipient oocytes after
transfer. Transduction of the hormonal stimulus at the level of the plasma
membrane, stimulation of the phosphorylation of cytoplasmic proteins, and
activation of a cycling Ca2+- and cyclic nucleotide-independent histone kinase
still occur in the absence of GV material. Since previous studies have
demonstrated that the presence of GV material in the recipient oocytes is
absolutely required in starfish for the amplification of microinjected MPF
(Kishimoto et al., 1981; Picard and Doree, 1984), we propose that some
unidentified component of the GV is required, at least after the normal time of
second meiotic cleavage in donor oocytes and at any time in recipient oocytes,
for the successful transfer of MPF activity in starfish.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88255496
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Cell Cycle|*; Growth Substances|*BI; Oocytes|DE/ME/*UL; Starfish|*CY/EM;
Zygote|DE/ME/*UL
- MeSH Heading
- Adenine|AA/PD; Animal; Cell Nucleus|PH; Cytoplasm|PH; Fertilization;
Meiosis|DE; Mitosis; Phosphoproteins|ME; Phosphorylation; Protamine Kinase|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0012-1606
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 107 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Retrovirus-mediated gene transfer of beta-nerve growth factor into mouse
pituitary line AtT-20.
- Author
- Wolf D; Richter Landsberg C; Short MP; Cepko C; Breakefield XO
- Address
- Genetics Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114.
- Source
- Mol Biol Med, 1988 Feb, 5:1, 43-59
- Abstract
- Expression of the biologically active beta-subunit of mouse nerve growth
factor (beta-NGF) was conferred onto cultured AtT-20 mouse pituitary cells via a
replication-defective retroviral vector. The retroviral LTR promoter was used
for expression of a cDNA for beta-NGF corresponding to the shorter mRNA species
produced by most tissues that receive sympathetic innervation. The vector
included the TU5 gene conferring resistance to the neomycin analogue G418 under
the control of an SV40 early promoter. AtT-20 cells, which produce essentially
no endogenous beta-NGF, were infected and then cloned under G418 selection.
Clones were evaluated for release into the medium of biologically active
beta-NGF using a bioassay for neurite extension from PC-12 cells. The biological
activity was equivalent to 1 to 10 ng of beta-NGF per mg cell protein over 24
hours. Immune precipitation and SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of
labelled proteins in the medium showed that the major form of immunoreactive
beta-NGF secreted from cells comigrated with authentic mature beta-NGF, apparent
Mr 13,000. Release of this beta-NGF from cells was stimulated by addition of 1
mM-8-bromocyclic AMP or 10 nM-corticotropin releasing factor, suggesting that at
least some of the processed factor is stored in secretory vesicles. These
studies, together with those on other cultured cells, which produce beta-NGF and
lack secretory granules, e.g. L cells, suggest that the beta-NGF precursor
synthesized from the shorter mRNA species can be processed and secreted through
either the regulated or constitutive route. This retroviral vector provides a
potential means of conferring beta-NGF expression onto a number of different
cell types in culture and in vivo.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88232271
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Genes, Structural|*; Nerve Growth Factors|*GE/PD; Retroviridae|*GE;
Transfection|*
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Line; DNA|GE; DNA Restriction Enzymes; Mice; Pituitary
Neoplasms; Promoter Regions (Genetics); Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S.
Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0735-1313
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 108 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- T suppressor efferent circuit which affects contact sensitivity to picryl
chloride: the late-acting, second nonspecific T suppressor factor bears I-A
determinants which are responsible for the I-A genetic restriction in its
interaction with its target cell.
- Author
- Zembala M; Asherson GL; Barlow Y
- Address
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Copernicus Medical School, Cracow, Poland.
- Source
- Cell Immunol, 1988 Oct, 116:1, 172-82
- Abstract
- The T suppressor efferent circuit in the picryl (TNP) system, which inhibits
the passive transfer of contact sensitivity, involves at least two
antigen-nonspecific factors. The second nonspecific T suppressor factor (ns-2)
bears I-A determinants of both the alpha and the beta chain as shown by affinity
chromatography on immobilized anti-I-A monoclonal antibodies. Sequential
absorption shows that the determinants of the alpha and beta chain occur on the
same molecular complex. No absorption was obtained with anti-I-E antibody. There
are two genetic restrictions associated with ns-2--the first is in its release
from the second T suppressor efferent cell (on exposure to antigen) and the
second is in its inhibitory interaction with its target cell. Both are MHC
restricted and matching in I-A (but not I-E, or I-J) is sufficient. The question
was asked whether the I-A of the ns-2 was directly responsible for the I-A
genetic restriction in its action. F1 TsF was made in (H-2k X H-2b)F1 mice by
injecting picrylated parental cells intravenously and triggering the release of
ns-2 with the corresponding picrylated parental cells. Both I-Ak- and
I-Ab-positive ns-2 were produced and were separated by affinity chromatography
on immobilized anti-I-A monoclonal antibody. The I-A phenotype of these
separated ns-2 of F1 origin determines the genetic restriction in their action;
i.e., I-Ak+ ns-2 only inhibits passive transfer by H-2k cells and I-Ab+ ns-2
only acts on H-2b cells. In contrast, the I-A haplotype of the picrylated cell
used to induce the Ts cell which makes ns-2 is unimportant. It was concluded
that the I-A on the ns-2, and not a possible recognition site for I-A, serves as
a restriction element. This finding suggests that ns-2 may act directly on the
I-A-restricted T cell which mediates contact sensitivity.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89003084
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Dermatitis, Contact|*IM; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II|*IM;
Suppressor Factors, Immunologic|*IM; T-Lymphocytes, Suppressor-Effector|*IM
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cyclophosphamide|PD; Haplotypes; Immune Tolerance|DE; Immunization,
Passive; Mice; Picryl Chloride; Spleen|IM; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Time Factors
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0008-8749
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 109 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Non-specific regulatory mechanism of contact sensitivity: the requirement of
intermediate cells for non-specific suppressor factor (NSF) activity.
- Author
- Nakano Y
- Address
- Department of Industrial Health, Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public
Health, Japan.
- Source
- Immunology, 1988 Jun, 64:2, 261-6
- Abstract
- Non-specific suppressor factor (NSF), which inhibits passive transfer of
contact sensitivity (CS), is produced spontaneously from macrophage-like
suppressor cells which were induced by intravenous (i.v.) administration of
oxazolone (Ox)-conjugated spleen cells. NSF is absorbed with normal spleen
cells, and NSF-treated spleen cells acquire the ability to suppress the transfer
of the effector cell function of CS non-specifically. In the present study, the
events involved in the suppression by NSF were investigated. The involvement of
intermediate cells between NSF and effector T cells in the suppression by NSF
was suggested by the following observations: (i) NSF was absorbed with
plastic-adherent and cyclophosphamide (CY)-sensitive non-T cells present in
normal spleen cells; (ii) deletion of plastic adherent and CY-sensitive cells
but not of adult thymectomy (ATx)-sensitive cells from the effector cell
population, rendered the effector cells resistant to the suppressor activity of
NSF; (iii) reconstitution of CY-pretreated effector cell population with
Thy-1-negative spleen cells restored the ability of NSF to suppress
CY-pretreated effector cells function. On the contrary, reconstitution with
Ia-negative spleen cells did not restore the ability of NSF to suppress
CY-pretreated effector cells function. Thus, NSF may not suppress directly the
effector T-cell function, but intermediate cells, which are possibly
macrophage-like cells, may exert a suppressive role after absorbing NSF. Species
specificity was observed between the interaction of NSF and intermediate cells.
The possible role of the intermediate cells in the suppression circuit of CS by
NSF is discussed.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88272369
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Dermatitis, Contact|*IM; Suppressor Factors, Immunologic|*IM
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Adhesion; Female; Guinea Pigs; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C;
Mice, Inbred C57BL; Plastics; Species Specificity; Spleen|IM; T-Lymphocytes,
Suppressor-Effector|IM
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0019-2805
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 110 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization combining administration of
gonadotrophins and blockade of the pituitary with D-Trp6-LHRH microcapsules:
pilot studies with two protocols.
- Author
- Zorn JR; Barata M; Brami C; Epelboin S; Nathan C; Papageorgiou G; Quantin P;
Rolet F; Savale M; Boyer P; et al
- Address
- Centre de FÆecondation in Vitro Baudelocque, St-Vincent-de-Paul et UnitÆe
INSERM U 166, Paris, France.
- Source
- Hum Reprod, 1988 Feb, 3:2, 235-9
- Abstract
- In women undergoing in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), a
total of 408 IVF cycles were stimulated using human menopausal gonadotrophin
(HMG) or pure follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) plus HMG in combination with a
single injection of D-Trp6-LHRH microcapsules in order to enhance the ovarian
response to gonadotrophins and to avoid spontaneous LH surges. Sixty-seven
pregnancies were achieved. Two protocols were employed. In protocol 1 ('blocking
protocol', n = 268), the pituitary was first inhibited with a full dose (3.75
mg) of D-Trp6-LHRH in microcapsules and ovarian stimulation was started after
the hypogonadotrophic hypogonadal state was ascertained (E2 less than 50 pg/ml).
In protocol 2 ('flare-up protocol', n = 140), the treatment with D-Trp6-LHRH
microcapsules (half-dose = 1.80 mg) and the ovarian stimulation with
gonadotrophins were started at the same time. Higher doses of gonadotrophins
were needed (39.5 +/- 11.2 ampoules FSH and/or HMG) in protocol 1, in which the
pituitary was blocked prior to and during the stimulation, than in protocol 2
(20 +/- 9 ampoules) where the exogenous gonadotrophin stimulation appeared to be
augmented by the initial agonistic effect of the injection of D-Trp6-LHRH
microcapsules. In patients with purely tubal infertility, under 38 years old and
no male factor, the results obtained with protocols 1 and 2 were similar in
terms of pregnancy rate per cycle or per embryo transfer: 22.6 versus 20.5% and
28.3 versus 27.4%, respectively. However, considering the cost benefit,
'flare-up' protocols appeared to be a better choice and could be recommended.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88187055
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Fertilization in Vitro|*; Gonadorelin|*AA/AD/PD; Gonadotropins|*TU;
Ovulation Induction|*MT; Pituitary Gland|*DE
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Capsules; Embryo Transfer; Female; Human; Injections, Intramuscular;
Pilot Projects
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0268-1161
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 111 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Establishment and characterization of factor-dependent macrophage cell
lines.
- Author
- Ohki K; Nagayama A
- Address
- Department of Microbiology, Saga Medical School, Japan.
- Source
- J Leukoc Biol, 1988 Dec, 44:6, 465-73
- Abstract
- Three macrophage cell lines from bone marrow cells of C3H/HeN mice were
isolated by successive transfer of the cells in culture with L-cell-conditioned
medium (LCM) or WEHI-3 cell-conditioned medium (WEHI-3CM). These cell lines,
which express Fc receptors, are involved in Fc-mediated phagocytosis and possess
nonspecific esterase activity. Two (BDM-1 and BDM-2) of three cell lines show
dependency for growth on either macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)
(CSF-1) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and do not
respond to interleukin 3 (IL-3). The third clone (BDM-3) proliferates in
response to IL-3 as well as to GM-CSF and weakly responds to M-CSF and to
interleukin 4 (IL-4). GM-CSF, in combination with the suboptimal concentration
of M-CSF, acted synergistically on the proliferation of BDM-1 cells. The
tumor-promoting phorbol diester, 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)
also acted synergistically with the three CSFs (IL-3, GM-CSF, and M-CSF) to
stimulate the proliferation of BDM-1 cells. The synergistic effect was observed
when cells were pretreated with TPA and subsequently stimulated with IL-3. The
calcium ionophore A23187 enhanced the proliferation of BDM-1 cells costimulated
with TPA and IL-3. These factor-dependent macrophage cell lines should be useful
for studying signal transduction mechanisms in the regulation of cell growth.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89055022
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Colony-Stimulating Factors|*PD; Macrophages|*CY/DE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Calcimycin|PD; Cell Division|DE; Cell Line; Culture Media; Drug
Synergism; Interleukin-3|PD; Mice; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate|PD
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0741-5400
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 112 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Cell-free synthesis of deoxyhypusine. Separation of protein substrate and
enzyme and identification of 1,3-diaminopropane as a product of spermidine
cleavage.
- Author
- Park MH; Wolff EC
- Address
- Laboratory of Cellular Development and Oncology, National Institute of
Dental Research, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Oct, 263:30, 15264-9
- Abstract
- The post-translational formation of hypusine (N
epsilon-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)lysine) occurs in a precursor of eukaryotic
initiation factor 4D by way of two major steps: 1) transfer of the 4-aminobutyl
moiety from spermidine to the epsilon-amino group of a specific lysine residue
to form an intermediate, deoxyhypusine; 2) hydroxylation of the deoxyhypusine
residue to form hypusine. The initial step of this modification, deoxyhypusine
synthesis, was studied in fractionated lysates of Chinese hamster ovary cells,
untreated, or treated with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO); the enzyme(s)
and the protein substrate (eukaryotic initiation factor 4D precursor) were
separated. The enzyme activity was found in the 0-45% ammonium sulfate fraction
from both untreated and DFMO-treated cells. The protein substrate was detected
in the 45-75% ammonium sulfate fraction from cells depleted of spermidine by
treatment with DFMO, but not in any fraction from untreated cells. Upon further
purification of the protein substrate by ion exchange chromatography, the
requirement for a pyridine nucleotide, notably NAD+, became apparent. Free
1,3-diaminopropane was identified as a spermidine cleavage product formed
concurrently with the 4-aminobutyl transfer step of deoxyhypusine synthesis.
Compounds structurally related to spermidine, e.g. caldine, N4-benzylspermidine,
homospermidine, and a spermine homologue, thermine, as well as
1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, and 1,9-diaminononane caused significant
inhibition of deoxyhypusine synthesis presumably due to competition with
spermidine. 1,3-Diaminopropane exhibited a potent inhibition of deoxyhypusine
formation, probably through a different mechanism.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89008419
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Diamines|*AN; Lysine|*AA/BI; Spermidine|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Cell Line; Cell-Free System; Chromatography, Ion Exchange;
Eflornithine|ME; Hamsters; NAD|ME; Peptide Initiation Factors|ME
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 113 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Determinants of immunity to murine salmonellosis: studies involving
immunization with lipopolysaccharide-lipid A-associated protein complexes in
C3H/HeJ mice.
- Author
- Killion JW; Morrison DC
- Address
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
- Source
- FEMS Microbiol Immunol, 1988 Jan, 1:1, 41-53
- Abstract
- We have earlier demonstrated that the C3H/HeJ Salmonella hypersusceptible
mouse can be protected against infection with this organism by prior
immunization with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-lipid A-associated protein (LAP)
complexes, but not with LPS alone. In the current studies, protection has been
shown to correlate with the induction of LPS-specific antibody in immunized
mice. LPS was demonstrated to be a relevant target antigen for Salmonella
immunity since C3H/HeJ mice were afforded higher survival rates when they were
challenged with Salmonella that shared the same LPS O-antigen as the vaccine.
Although low levels of LPS-specific antibody can be detected 14 days after
immunization with LAP-LPS, significant antibody is present only after 21-28
days. In addition, anti-LAP specific antibodies can be detected after 14 days of
immunization with LAP-LPS. Adoptive transfer of either day 28 anti-LAP-LPS
immune serum or day 28 LAP-LPS immune splenocytes alone to naive recipients
affords mice minimal, if any, survival against lethal S. typhimurium LT2
challenge. In contrast, transfer of day 28 anti-LAP-LPS immune serum and day 28
LAP-LPS immune splenocytes together is able to transfer Salmonella immunity to
naive C3H/HeJ mice. Further, equivalent transfer of only day 28 anti-LAP-LPS
immune serum to C3H/HeJ mice immunized 7 days previously with LAP-LPS provides
protection similar to that found in mice adoptively transferred with immune
cells and serum. These results suggest that a host cellular factor or factors
responsive to LAP-LPS, in addition to day 28 anti-LAP-LPS immune serum, may
contribute to the protection afforded C3H/HeJ mice following immunization with
LAP-LPS.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 90180992
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Lipid A|*IM; Lipopolysaccharides|*IM; Salmonella Infections, Animal|*IM
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; IgG|AN; IgM|AN; Immunity, Cellular; Immunization; Immunization,
Passive; Macrophages|IM; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Spleen|IM; Support, U.S. Gov't,
P.H.S.; T-Lymphocytes|IM
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0920-8534
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 114 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Success rate in gamete intrafallopian transfer using low and high
concentrations of washed spermatozoa.
- Author
- Khan I; Camus M; Staessen C; Wisanto A; Devroey P; Van Steirteghem AC
- Address
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
- Source
- Fertil Steril, 1988 Dec, 50:6, 922-7
- Abstract
- The effect of a reduced number of spermatozoa on pregnancies and
miscarriages was studied retrospectively in 307 consecutive gamete
intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) cycles. The number of spermatozoa introduced per
GIFT in each group was as follows: 100,000 (group I), 50,000 (group II), 10,000
(group III), 5,000 (group IV), and 2,500 (group V), which gave a pregnancy rate
of 20%, 38%, 37%, 30%, and 24%, respectively (differences were not significant).
With respect to the pregnancies, no correlation was found between the number of
spermatozoa transferred and the cause of infertility. In the male factor group
also no significant difference was observed in the pregnancy rate when the
sperms were reduced from 100,000 to 2,500. Lowering the number of sperms in GIFT
did not reduce the abortion rate, which remained around 33%. It was the patients
with unexplained infertility who benefited most from the GIFT procedure. Their
pregnancy rate was significantly higher than the pregnancy rate of those who had
endometriosis, or andrologic or immunologic disorders.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89078646
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer|*; Spermatozoa|*PH
- MeSH Heading
- Adult; Female; Human; Male; Maternal Age; Pregnancy; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0015-0282
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 115 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Variability of the single-breath carbon monoxide transfer factor as a
function of inspired oxygen pressure.
- Author
- Crapo RO; Kanner RE; Jensen RL; Elliott CG
- Address
- Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Medicine, LDS
Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah 84143.
- Source
- Eur Respir J, 1988 Jun, 1:6, 573-4
- Abstract
- We measured single-breath CO transfer factor (TLCO) and alveolar oxygen
partial pressure (PAO2) six times at each of three fractions of inspired oxygen
(FIO2) (0.17, 0.21, 0.26) in twelve healthy subjects, to determine whether one
FIO2 would have the advantage of producing less variable TLCO results than the
others. Measured TLCO was adjusted for the increase in carboxyhaemoglobin during
the tests. We found no significant differences in intra- or interindividual
variance as a function of test FIO2.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89005593
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Carbon Monoxide|*; Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity|*
- MeSH Heading
- Human; Partial Pressure; Respiratory Function Tests|ST
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0903-1936
- Country of Publication
- DENMARK
Record 116 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Tolerance in rats by transplacental transfer of Dipetalonema viteae
microfilariae: recognition of putative tolerogen(s) by antibodies that inhibit
antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation.
- Author
- Haque A; Cuna W; Pestel J; Capron A; Bonnel B
- Address
- Centre d'Immunologie et de Biologie Parasitaire, Institut Pasteur, Lille,
France.
- Source
- Eur J Immunol, 1988 Aug, 18:8, 1167-72
- Abstract
- We have previously reported (Nature 1982. 299:361) that the transplacental
transfer of Dipetalonema viteae microfilariae (mf) can induce an
antigen-specific tolerance in rats. Rats thus tolerized have serum factor(s)
which block(s) antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation. The results of
experiments involving fractionation of antisera from tolerant animals indicate
that the inhibitory activity for antigen-specific blastogenesis resides in IgG
antibodies. Absorption of IgG (eluted from protein A) with specific filarial
antigens reduced the inhibition from 58% to 9% whereas a similar immunosorption
of IgG size fraction (obtained by applying to AcA 34 Ultrogel) resulted in a
decrease from 72% to 35%. This suggests that IgG size fraction might include
factor(s) derived from mf and was partially blocking the blastogenic response.
Since the tolerant animals harbor only mf, we have used radiolabeled mf surface
antigens for immunoprecipitation by antisera from tolerant animals. Antibodies
from tolerant animals have a different specificity for filarial antigens
compared to those from immunocompetent and mf-resistant rats.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88329163
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antigens, Helminth|*IM; Dipetalonema|*IM; Dipetalonema Infections|*IM;
Filariasis|*IM; Immune Tolerance|*; Lymphocyte Transformation|*
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Antibodies, Helminth|IM; Antigens, Surface|IM; IgG|IM; Rats; Rats,
Inbred Strains; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Suppressor Factors, Immunologic|IM
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0014-2980
- Country of Publication
- GERMANY, WEST
Record 117 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Transformation of single myeloid precursor cells by the malignant
histiocytosis sarcoma virus (MHSV): generation of growth-factor-independent
myeloid colonies and permanent cell lines.
- Author
- Klingler K; Johnson GR; Nicola NA; Arman G; Kluge N; Ostertag W
- Address
- Heinrich-Pette-Institut fÂur Experimentelle Virologie und Immunologie,
UniversitÂat Hamburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
- Source
- J Cell Physiol, 1988 Apr, 135:1, 32-8
- Abstract
- Direct single-cell assays for oncogenic transformation are available for
fibroblasts but not for other cell types. Using malignant histiocytosis sarcoma
virus (MHSV), a member of the ras family of retroviruses, in vivo-infected
granulocyte/macrophage and macrophage precursor cells lost the requirement for
externally added hematopoietic growth factors. Factor-independent growth was
demonstrated by colony-transfer experiments. More than 25% of the independent
colonies were established as permanent macrophage cell lines following a phase
of adaptation to tissue culture conditions. Factor-independent colony growth was
also obtained by in vitro infection of single cells. As many as 50% of all
myeloid precursor cells were target cells for MHSV as measured by this assay.
About 2 x 10(-3) of these colony-forming cells acquired growth factor
independence and immortality after in vitro infection. Cell lines derived from
these colonies did not require adaptation to tissue culture conditions.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88213445
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic|*; Hematopoietic Stem Cells|*CY/DE;
Retroviridae|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Bone Marrow|CY; Cell Line; Cell Line, Transformed; Fluorouracil|PD;
Growth Substances|PD; Helper Viruses|GE; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Spleen|CY;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9541
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 118 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Interaction of tRNA transcription factors with satellite I DNA from Xenopus
laevis.
- Author
- Engelke DR
- Address
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109.
- Source
- Gene, 1988, 62:2, 323-30
- Abstract
- A cloned repeat of Xenopus laevis satellite I DNA was tested for the ability
to form stable complexes with tRNA transcription factors in vitro. In template
exclusion studies, the satellite I DNA competed efficiently with a tRNA gene for
binding of yeast RNA polymerase III transcription factors. DNase I footprinting
further showed that transcription factor TF IIIC alone bound to satellite I DNA
at both the A block and B block consensus promoter sequences immediately
downstream from the transcription start point. The strength and position of
these associations indicate that satellite I DNA is a potential site for
association of the same DNA-binding proteins that activate tRNA gene
transcription.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88212187
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- DNA, Satellite|*ME; RNA, Transfer|BI/*GE; Transcription Factors|*ME; Xenopus
laevis|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Base Sequence; Binding, Competitive; Molecular Sequence Data;
Promoter Regions (Genetics); RNA Polymerase III|ME; RNA Precursors|BI; Support,
U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Transcription, Genetic
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0378-1119
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
Record 119 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The human growth hormone gene contains both positive and negative control
elements.
- Author
- Peritz LN; Fodor EJ; Silversides DW; Cattini PA; Baxter JD; Eberhardt NL
- Address
- Metabolic Research Unit, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
- Source
- J Biol Chem, 1988 Apr, 263:11, 5005-7
- Abstract
- A subset of DNA sequences in the 5'-flanking DNA of the human growth hormone
(hGH) gene was examined by protein-DNA binding and gene transfer-expression
experiments. Two adjacent cis-acting elements (I and II) were identified between
nucleotides -308/-235 of the hGH gene that modulated the expression of a linked
reporter gene in transfected HeLa cells. Elements I and II repressed gene
expression whereas element II alone activated it. HeLa whole cell extracts
contain two factors that bind hGH DNA carrying elements I and II. Factor I binds
to single-stranded DNA, and its binding is correlated with repression of gene
expression. Factor II binds between nucleotides -275/-257 of the hGH gene. This
region is homologous to the binding site for the adenovirus major late
transcription factor, and factor II binding to hGH DNA is competed by adenovirus
major late promoter DNA, indicating that the hGH and major late adenovirus
promoters share a transcription regulatory element.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88186775
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- DNA|*AN; Somatotropin|*GE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Base Sequence; Binding Sites; Deoxyribonuclease I|ME; DNA-Binding
Proteins|AN; Gene Expression Regulation; Hela Cells|AN; Human; Pituitary Gland,
Anterior|AN; Rats; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Transcription, Genetic;
Transfection; Tumor Cells, Cultured|AN
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9258
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 120 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The analgesic defect of C57BL/6J-bgJ/bgJ (beige-J: Chediak-Higashi syndrome)
mice transmitted by adoptive transfer of spleen cells to normal littermates.
- Author
- Raffa RB; Kimball ES; Mathiasen JR
- Address
- Department of Biological Research, Janssen Research Foundation, Spring
House, PA 19477-0776.
- Source
- Life Sci, 1988, 42:12, 1231-6
- Abstract
- We recently discovered and reported that C57BL/6J-bgJ/bgJ (beige-J) mice
have a deficiency in their analgesic response to
intracerebroventricularly-administered morphine in the tail-flick test.
Postulating a link between these findings and the known immunological defect of
beige-J mice (Chediak-Higashi syndrome), we examined the effect of splenectomy
on beige-J mice and the adoptive transfer of their mononuclear spleen cells to
normal littermate controls (2 x 10(7) cells via tail vein). Eight days after
these interventions, the splenectomized beige-J mice responded nearly as well as
normal mice to centrally administered morphine in the tail-flick test. The
adoptive transfer recipients, in contrast, nearly completely lost their response
to the analgesic action of morphine in this test. From the combined results, the
spleen appears to be a significant factor in the analgesic defect of beige-J
mice and, furthermore, mononuclear splenocytes appear to be the source of a
substance that can transfer this defect to otherwise normal animals.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88156591
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Analgesia|*; Chediak-Higashi Syndrome|*GE; Morphine|AD/*PD; Spleen|*TR
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Brain|DE/PP; Immunization, Passive; Injections, Intraventricular;
Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Species Specificity; Splenectomy
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0024-3205
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 121 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Glutathione reductase: solvent equilibrium and kinetic isotope effects.
- Author
- Wong KK; Vanoni MA; Blanchard JS
- Address
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New
York 10461.
- Source
- Biochemistry, 1988 Sep, 27:18, 7091-6
- Abstract
- Glutathione reductase catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of oxidized
glutathione (GSSG). The kinetic mechanism is ping-pong, and we have investigated
the rate-limiting nature of proton-transfer steps in the reactions catalyzed by
the spinach, yeast, and human erythrocyte glutathione reductases using a
combination of alternate substrate and solvent kinetic isotope effects. With
NADPH or GSSG as the variable substrate, at a fixed, saturating concentration of
the other substrate, solvent kinetic isotope effects were observed on V but not
V/K. Plots of Vm vs mole fraction of D2O (proton inventories) were linear in
both cases for the yeast, spinach, and human erythrocyte enzymes. When solvent
kinetic isotope effect studies were performed with DTNB instead of GSSG as an
alternate substrate, a solvent kinetic isotope effect of 1.0 was observed.
Solvent kinetic isotope effect measurements were also performed on the
asymmetric disulfides GSSNB and GSSNP by using human erythrocyte glutathione
reductase. The Km values for GSSNB and GSSNP were 70 microM and 13 microM,
respectively, and V values were 62 and 57% of the one calculated for GSSG,
respectively. Both of these substrates yield solvent kinetic isotope effects
greater than 1.0 on both V and V/K and linear proton inventories, indicating
that a single proton-transfer step is still rate limiting. These data are
discussed in relationship to the chemical mechanism of GSSG reduction and the
identity of the proton-transfer step whose rate is sensitive to solvent isotopic
composition. Finally, the solvent equilibrium isotope effect measured with yeast
glutathione reductase is 4.98, which allows us to calculate a fractionation
factor for the thiol moiety of GSH of 0.456.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89062446
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Glutathione Reductase|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Glutathione|AA; Human; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro; Kinetics; NADP;
Protons; Solvents; Substrate Specificity; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S.
Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0006-2960
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 122 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Intervention of T-cells in transportation of mouse mammary tumor virus (milk
factor) to mammary gland cells in vivo.
- Author
- Tsubura A; Inaba M; Imai S; Murakami A; Oyaizu N; Yasumizu R; Ohnishi Y;
Tanaka H; Morii S; Ikehara S
- Address
- Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
- Source
- Cancer Res, 1988 Nov, 48:22, 6555-9
- Abstract
- Using BALB/c nu/nu, BALB/c nu/nufC3H (BALB/c nu/nu mice raised by C3H/HeN
foster mother), BALB/c thymus-engrafted BALB/c nu/nufC3H, BALB/c nu/+, and
BALB/c nu/+fC3H mice, we examined what kinds of cells are carriers of
blood-borne mouse mammary tumor virus (B-MMTV). A radioimmunoassay and an
immunoperoxidase assay revealed the presence of MMTV-gp52 antigen in the mammary
glands of all BALB/c nu/+fC3H and BALB/c thymus-engrafted BALB/c nu/nufC3H mice
(more than 60 days old) but only of some BALB/c nu/nufC3H mice (more than 120
days old): those that possessed a significant number of functional T-cells.
BALB/c nu/+ mice did not show the antigen expression at any age. Transfer
experiments of cells or plasma from young (less than 12 weeks) BALB/c nu/nufC3H
to BALB/c +/+ virgins revealed that cells besides T-cells can also become
carriers of B-MMTV. This was confirmed by Southern blotting analyses; exogenous
provirus DNA sequences were found in B-cells as well as T-cells of BALB/c
nu/+fC3H mice. However, when young BALB/c nu/nu mice were inoculated with BALB/c
nu/nufC3H blood, they did not show the MMTV-gp52 antigen expression. Transfer
experiments of purified T-cells, B-cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages
from BALB/c fC3H mice to BALB/c nu/nu mice revealed that only T-cells have the
ability to transfer viral activity to the mammary glands. These results suggest
that B-MMTV is carried from the gastrointestinal tract to the mammary glands by
lymphoid cells such as T-cells and B-cells, then transferred to the mammary
gland cells by the T-cells.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89028309
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Mammae|*MI; Mammary Tumor Viruses, Mouse|*PH; T-Lymphocytes|*PH
- MeSH Heading
- Age Factors; Animal; Antigens, Viral|AN; Biological Transport; Blotting,
Southern; DNA, Viral|AN; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C3H; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0008-5472
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 123 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Mechanisms of immunologic unresponsiveness induced by ultraviolet-irradiated
donor-specific blood transfusions and peritransplant cyclosporine.
- Author
- Oluwole SF; Chabot J; Pepino P; Reemtsma K; Hardy MA
- Address
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians &
Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
- Source
- Transplantation, 1988 Sep, 46:3, 352-8
- Abstract
- Recipient pretreatment with UV-B irradiated donor-specific blood
transfusions (UV-DST) combined with peritransplant cyclosporine on days 0, +1,
and +2 leads to permanent cardiac allograft survival in the ACI-to-Lewis rat
strain combination. This study investigates the mechanisms of immunologic
unresponsiveness induced by UV-DST and CsA by examining several in vitro and in
vivo parameters in long-term cardiac allograft recipients. The results of the in
vitro studies demonstrate that thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL) of treated and
allografted Lewis rats respond less in a mixed lymphocyte reaction to donor
splenic lymphocytes (SpL) by 69%, 75%, and 73% (P less than 0.001) at 30, 50,
and 100 days after transplantation, respectively, compared with controls, while
the response to a third-party (W/F) SpL is unimpaired. In coculture experiments,
the TDL from treated recipients specifically suppressed the response of
unmodified Lewis TDL to ACI SpL by 59% and 40% (P less than 0.01) at 30 and 50
days after transplantation, respectively, while responses to W/F SpL were
suppressed by only 3-6%. The sera obtained from ungrafted rats transfused with
UV-DST suppressed the MLR between unmodified Lewis TDL and ACI SpL by 31% (P
less than 0.05) while the sera from UV-DST and CsA-treated and allografted rats
specifically suppressed the MLR by 75%, 80% (P less than 0.001) and 37% (P less
than 0.01) at 10, 30, and 50 days after transplantation, respectively. In vivo
adoptive transfer of 10(4) donor-type dendritic cells (DC) into recipients of
beating cardiac allografts at 40 or 60 days after transplantation led to rapid
and acute allograft rejection, while the adoptive transfer of 10(8) unseparated
SpL obtained at 50 days after transplantation from treated Lewis recipients to
syngeneic naive hosts led to a modest but significant prolongation of ACI test
cardiac allografts. The transfer of serum from treated and allografted
recipients at 10, 30, and 50 days after transplantation led to specific and
significant prolongation of test grafts in syngeneic naive hosts. These findings
suggest that the mechanisms underlying the in vivo immunologic unresponsiveness
induced by pretreatment with UV-DST and peritransplant CsA include inactivation
without elimination of class II-antigen presenting cells (APC), generation of
specific serum suppressor factor(s) and/or antiidiotypic antibody, and induction
of donor-specific suppressor cells.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88337354
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Blood Transfusion|*; Cyclosporins|*TU; Immunosuppression|*MT
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Blood|RE; Dendritic Cells|IM; Graft Survival; Heart|TR; Heart
Transplantation; Immunization, Passive; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed;
Lymphocyte Transformation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Spleen|IM; Support, U.S.
Gov't, P.H.S.; Suppressor Factors, Immunologic|IM; T-Lymphocytes,
Suppressor-Effector|IM; Ultraviolet Rays
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0041-1337
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 124 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Immune complexes and erythrocyte CR1 (complement receptor type 1): effect of
CR1 numbers on binding and release reactions.
- Author
- Ng YC; Schifferli JA; Walport MJ
- Address
- Department of Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith
Hospital, London.
- Source
- Clin Exp Immunol, 1988 Mar, 71:3, 481-5
- Abstract
- We performed experiments to investigate whether immune complexes opsonized
with C3b and iC3b transferred from CR1 on one erythrocyte to CR1 on others, and
studied the effect of variation in erythrocyte CR1 number on the transfer
reaction. We used populations of cells of different blood groups to study this
phenomenon which were separated by differential agglutination with monoclonal
anti-group antibodies. The rate of transfer of immune complexes between
erythrocytes was related to CR1 concentration of both donor and recipient cells;
fastest transfer occurred from donor cells of low CR1 numbers to recipient cells
of high CR1. These results were not explained by a difference in the binding
constant of immune complexes to erythrocytes bearing different numbers of CR1.
In the absence of factor I, complexes partitioned between erythrocytes according
to their relative concentrations of CR1 with no release of complexes into
solution. In serum, the proportion of complexes bound to donor and recipient
erythrocytes was similarly related to their respective CR1 numbers with
progressive release of complexes into solution. Erythrocyte CR1 may act as a
dynamic buffering system which prevents immune complexes that have bound
complement from fixing to vascular endothelium.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88253859
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antigen-Antibody Complex|*ME; Erythrocytes|*IM; Receptors, Complement|*IM
- MeSH Heading
- Cells, Cultured; Complement 3b|IM; Human; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Time
Factors
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0009-9104
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 125 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Occurrence of platelet basic protein, a precursor of low affinity platelet
factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin, in human platelets and megakaryocytes.
- Author
- Holt JC; Rabellino EM; Gewirtz AM; Gunkel LM; Rucinski B; Niewiarowski S
- Address
- Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19140.
- Source
- Exp Hematol, 1988 May, 16:4, 302-6
- Abstract
- beta-thromboglobulin antigen, a platelet-specific secreted protein, occurs
in three forms: platelet basic protein, low affinity platelet factor 4, and
beta-thromboglobulin. The combined level of beta-thromboglobulin antigen in
megakaryocytes, measured by radioimmunoassay, was 13 +/- 7 micrograms/10(6)
cells (SD, n = 6). The relative proportions of the three forms of
beta-thromboglobulin antigen present within platelets and megakaryocytes were
determined in cells lysed with trichloroacetic acid to minimize artifactual
proteolysis. Samples were analyzed by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gel
with quantitative immunological detection on a nitrocellulose transfer of the
gel. In platelets, the major species found was low affinity platelet factor 4
with precursor platelet basic protein as only 25% +/- 11% (SD, n = 16) of total
beta-thromboglobulin antigen. In megakaryocytes partially purified both from
normal bone marrow aspirates and from whole marrow specimens obtained after
surgery, platelet basic protein was a higher proportion of beta-thromboglobulin
antigen (49% +/- 13% SD, n = 11) than was the case in platelets.
beta-thromboglobulin itself was never detected under the conditions of cell
lysis used. Our results suggest that platelet basic protein is synthesized in
megakaryocytes and that its cleavage is associated with an earlier stage of cell
development than simply maturation to platelets. Further support for the
precursor status of platelet basic protein was found in the expression of
predominantly this antigenic form in a human erythroleukemia cell line.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88196261
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- beta-Thromboglobulin|*IM; Blood Coagulation Factors|*AN/IP; Blood
Platelets|*AN/IM; Isoantigens|*AN/IP; Megakaryocytes|*AN/IM; Protein
Precursors|*BL/IP
- MeSH Heading
- Cell Line; Human; Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute|AN/BL/IM; Proteins|IP;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0301-472X
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 126 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- New function of vitamin B12: cobamide-dependent reduction of epoxyqueuosine
to queuosine in tRNAs of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium.
- Author
- Frey B; McCloskey J; Kersten W; Kersten H
- Address
- Institut fÂur Biochemie, UniversitÂat Erlangen-NÂurnberg, Federal Republic
of Germany.
- Source
- J Bacteriol, 1988 May, 170:5, 2078-82
- Abstract
- Queuosine (Q), 7-[(4,5-cis-dihydroxy-2-cyclopentene-1-yl)-amino)methyl)-7-
deazaguanosine, and Q derivatives usually replace guanosine in the anticodon of
tRNAs(GUN) of eubacteria and of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs of lower and
higher eucaryotes except yeasts. Q appears to be synthesized de novo exclusively
in eubacteria, and the free-base queuine serves as a nutrient factor for
eucaryotes. Recently, a Q derivative, oQ, containing a
2,3-epoxy-4,5-dihydroxycyclopentane ring, has been identified in Escherichia
coli tRNA(Tyr). Here we show that oQ is formed when E. coli or Salmonella
typhimurium is grown in glucose-salt medium. The formation of oQ was independent
of molecular oxygen, and oQ-tRNAs were converted to Q-tRNAs by adding cobalamin
to the growth medium. Under strictly anaerobic conditions, considerable amounts
of Q were present in E. coli and S. typhimurium tRNAs when the bacteria were
grown in the presence of cobalt ions with glycerol as the carbon source and
fumarate as the electron acceptor. Under these conditions, the biosynthesis of
cobalamin was induced. The results suggest that oQ is derived from ribose and
that oQ is finally reduced to Q by a cobamide-dependent enzyme.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88197994
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Escherichia coli|GE/*ME; Guanosine|*AA; Nucleoside Q|*AA/*BI/GE/ME;
Salmonella typhimurium|GE/*ME; Vitamin B 12|*ME
- MeSH Heading
- Aerobiosis; Anaerobiosis; Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid;
Cobamides|ME; Oxidation-Reduction; RNA, Transfer|AN; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9193
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 127 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Effects of photoperiod and temperature on the binding of
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to testicular preparations and plasma FSH
concentration in the Djungarian hamster, Phodopus sungorus.
- Author
- Tsutsui K; Kawashima S; Masuda A; Oishi T
- Address
- Zoological Institute, Faculty of Science, Hiroshima University, Japan.
- Source
- Endocrinology, 1988 Mar, 122:3, 1094-102
- Abstract
- The effects of artificial photoperiod and temperature on testicular FSH
binding and plasma FSH levels were studied in adult male Djungarian hamsters. In
Exp I, hamsters were transferred to long day (LD) photoperiods (16-h light, 8-h
dark) after 8 weeks of adaptation in short day (SD) photoperiods (8-h light,
16-h dark), but the ambient temperature was maintained at 25 C throughout the
experiments. A marked increase in the total FSH binding per two testes occurred
between 10 and 47 days after transfer to LD, a change that was accompanied by
testicular growth. Binding of FSH per testicular weight decreased during the
same period. Scatchard plot analyses of the parameters indicated that LD
decreased both the concentration of FSH binding sites and the equilibrium
dissociation constant (Kd). Plasma FSH levels increased between 10 and 47 days
after transfer to LD. In contrast, when hamsters reared under LD for 12 weeks
were transferred to SD (Exp II), FSH binding per unit weight basis increased 19
weeks after transfer to SD, but the total binding per two testes decreased
markedly. In Exp III, sexually mature male hamsters were subjected to different
ambient temperature and photoperiods. There were no significant effects of
different ambient temperatures on the testicular weight and testicular FSH
binding in animals exposed for 8 weeks to either LD or SD. However, plasma FSH
levels of hamsters maintained at 25 C under LD was significantly higher than FSH
levels at 7 C under LD. A similar effect of temperature on plasma FSH levels was
observed in hamsters under SD. The present study indicates that photoperiod is a
more important environmental factor than temperature for the regulation of FSH
receptor in the Djungarian hamster.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88137119
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- FSH|BL/*ME; Light|*; Periodicity|*; Testis|GD/*ME/RE
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Binding, Competitive; Comparative Study; Hamsters; Male; Organ
Weight|RE; Receptors, FSH|ME; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Temperature
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0013-7227
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 128 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The trigeminal system: an advantageous experimental model for studying
neuronal development.
- Author
- Davies AM
- Address
- Department of Anatomy, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Tooting,
London.
- Source
- Development, 1988, 103 Suppl:, 175-83
- Abstract
- The trigeminal system is a well-characterized sensory system that has been
studied extensively in mammals and birds. The clear definition and easy
accessibility of the components of this system throughout development have
facilitated investigation of several fundamental aspects of neural development.
This has led to important advances in our understanding of the mechanism of
axonal guidance, the physiology of neurotrophic factors and the establishment
and refinement of neural connections. The first convincing evidence for axonal
guidance by chemotropism has been obtained. The site and timing of nerve growth
factor (NGF) synthesis and NGF receptor expression have been elucidated, thereby
clarifying the role of this neurotrophic factor in development. A novel concept
in neurotrophic factor physiology has emerged: the survival of neurones that
innervate two separate target fields is regulated by two different neurotrophic
factors derived from the respective target fields. The development of
somatotopic maps of the periphery in the central nervous system (CNS) is
dependent on spatial information provided by the periphery. The transfer of this
information from the periphery to the CNS is not simply achieved by the ordered
growth and arrangement of the intervening sensory nerve fibres.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89276122
Order
full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Models, Biological|*; Nerve Growth Factors|*PH; Trigeminal Ganglion|*EM;
Trigeminal Nerve|*EM
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Chick Embryo; Mice
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC
- ISSN
- 0950-1991
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 129 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The role of lateral extra-articular procedures for anterolateral rotatory
instability.
- Author
- Carson WG Jr
- Address
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of South Florida, College of
Medicine, Tampa.
- Source
- Clin Sports Med, 1988 Oct, 7:4, 751-72
- Abstract
- The goal of any surgical procedure to correct the instability caused by loss
of the ACL is to control the abnormal anterior excursion of the tibia on the
femur. Because the main problem is loss of the ACL, it would seem most
reasonable to approach this problem by performing an intra-articular
reconstruction of the ACL, thus approximating as closely as possible the normal
anatomy of the ACL. The classic open intra-articular ACL reconstructions are
technically demanding surgical procedures that usually require a significant
"learning curve" to achieve a level of technical expertise and confidence. In
addition, postoperative complications such as adhesions, loss of motion,
prolonged muscle atrophy, and a long rehabilitation period are well known. Thus,
it would appear that the extra-articular reconstructive procedures for the
anterior cruciate-deficient knee would offer some advantage over these more
formidable surgical procedures. Whereas the main problem is certainly the loss
of the ACL, the extra-articular procedures are directed more toward the most
symptomatic anterior excursion of the tibia on the femur, the pivot shift
phenomenon, where the anterolateral portion of the tibia moves anterior in
relation to the femur. Thus, the goal of the extra-articular reconstructive
procedures for anterolateral rotatory instability is to eliminate functional
instability. These goals are most readily achieved by positioning some portion
of the iliotibial tract posterior to the transverse center of rotation of the
knee to provide a reinforcement for the lateral tibial plateau as the knee
approaches terminal extension. All of the extra-articular procedures discussed
in this article have been used successfully as reported by the various authors.
There are many technical details inherent in each of these surgical procedures,
and the reader is referred to the original articles for a more explicit
description of these surgical procedures. For the individual surgeon to
participate in and view the actual surgical procedure that he or she intends to
perform would be the ideal situation. Various workshops where surgical
procedures of the knee are actually performed and studied are currently
available and are of great value to the surgeon. Of equal importance to the
technical demands of the various surgical procedures is selection of the
appropriate procedure for each patient. The selection must be based on many
factors. The most important factor is the identification of the patient with a
high level of athletic activity who is unwilling to modify his or her activity
level to compensate for a deficient ACL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 89028800
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Arthroplasty|*MT; Joint Instability|PP/*SU; Knee Injuries|PP/*SU; Tendon
Transfer|*MT
- MeSH Heading
- Athletic Injuries|PP/SU; Human; Ligaments, Articular|IN/PP/SU; Rotation;
Rupture
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
- ISSN
- 0278-5919
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 130 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Induced type-B reticulum cell neoplasia in mice III. The importance of
T-cell proliferation and cellular relocation in accessory cell transformation.
- Author
- Brittle MP; Wallis VJ; Chaudhuri M; Goucher RA; Gomer KJ
- Address
- Chester Beatty Laboratories, London, UK.
- Source
- Br J Cancer, 1988 Apr, 57:4, 378-84
- Abstract
- After the transfer of spleen cells from old CBA/T6T6 mice (greater than 75
weeks) into young syngeneic CBA/Ca recipients there usually follows a selective
expansion of the donor T-cell population and the emergence of type B reticulum
cell neoplasms (RCN-B), also of donor origin though probably derived not from
the T-cells but from lymphoid dendritic accessory cells. As few as one million
injected cells led to significant donor T-cell hyperplasia and tumour induction.
Injection of cells from young donors did not have such consequences. Similar
tumours were induced by transferring syngeneic cells in both C57BL and DBA/2
mice, although in the latter strain there was no requirement for the injected
cells to derive from old donors. It appeared that T-cell proliferation was
independent of donor accessory cells or RCN-B induction, since injection of
enriched T-cells led to few tumours, although the T-cell chimaerism was
indistinguishable from that in recipients of unseparated spleen cells.
Development of tumours, however, seemed to be dependent upon stimulated T-cells.
Recipients of spleen cells from old T-cell-deprived mice did not develop
tumours; conversely, tumours, mostly of donor origin, were induced in recipients
of young syngeneic cells when an extrinsic stimulus to T-cell proliferation was
provided by continued allostimulation. The apparent selectivity of tumorigenesis
for donor cells has led to the proposal that cellular relocation, as a result of
transfer, may be an important predisposing factor in malignant transformation in
circumstances of T-cell stimulation provided by antigenic challenge or by
transfer of T-cells from old donors.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88269399
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Antigen-Presenting Cells|*IM; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic|*PA; Lymphoma,
Large-Cell|*ET; T-Lymphocytes|*IM
- MeSH Heading
- Age Factors; Animal; Antigens, Surface|AN; Cell Count; Dose-Response
Relationship, Immunologic; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred
DBA; Mitosis; Neoplasm Transplantation; Spleen|TR; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0007-0920
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 131 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Analysis of ultrafiltration and mass transfer in a bioartificial pancreas.
- Author
- Jaffrin MY; Reach G; Notelet D
- Address
- DÆepartement de GÆenie Biologique, UniversitÆe de Technologie de CompiÄegne,
France.
- Source
- J Biomech Eng, 1988 Feb, 110:1, 1-10
- Abstract
- A bioartificial pancreas is an implantable device which contains insulin
secreting cells (Langerhans islets), separated from the circulating blood by a
semi-permeable membrane to avoid rejection. This paper describes the operation
of such a device and evaluates the respective contributions of diffusion and
ultrafiltration to the glucose and insulin mass transfer. It is shown that the
pressure drop along the blood channel produces across the first half of the
channel an ultrafiltration flux toward the islet compartment followed in the
second half by an equal flux in reverse direction from islets to blood. The mass
transfer analysis is carried out for an optimal geometry in which a U-shaped
blood channel surrounds closely a very thin islet compartment formed by a folded
flat membrane. A complete model of insulin release by this device is developed
and is compared with in vitro data obtained with rats islets. Satisfactory
kinetics is achieved with a polyacrylonitrile membrane used in hemodialysis. But
the model shows that the membrane hydraulic permeability should be increased by
a factor of 10 to significantly improve the performance.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88156177
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full text for this document
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Glucose|*PK; Insulin|*PK; Insulin Infusion Systems|*; Membranes,
Artificial|*; Models, Biological|*
- MeSH Heading
- Acrylic Resins; Animal; Biological Transport; Islets of Langerhans|SE; Rats;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Ultrafiltration
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0148-0731
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 132 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- IL-1 inhibits B cell differentiation in long term bone marrow cultures.
- Author
- Dorshkind K
- Address
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside 92521.
- Source
- J Immunol, 1988 Jul, 141:2, 531-8
- Abstract
- There is evidence that stromal cells are responsive to changes in their
external milieu and that this can affect their function. IL-1 has been
identified as one mediator that can affect stromal cells by increasing their
secretion of CSF. The monokine has also been reported to be a B cell
differentiation factor. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of
IL-1 on the pattern of hemopoietic cell differentiation by adding IL-1 alpha to
myeloid long term bone marrow cultures (MBMC) at the time of their transfer to
lymphoid bone marrow culture conditions. This usually results in the cessation
of myelopoiesis and the induction of B lymphopoiesis. The addition of 50 U/ml of
rIL-1 alpha, but not 10 U/ml, to MBMC at the time of their transfer to lymphoid
conditions resulted in a complete inhibition of B cell differentiation and
sustained myelopoiesis. To determine whether adherent layer cells contributed to
this effect, conditioned medium (CM) was collected from adherent layers treated
previously with the antibiotic mycophenolic acid. This depletes the hemopoietic
cells from the cultures and retains a purified population of stromal cells. CM
from mycophenolic acid- treated adherent layers exposed for 24 h to 50 U/ml of
IL-1 was added at volume concentrations of 5, 10, and 25% to MBMC at the time of
transfer to lymphoid bone marrow culture conditions and at each feeding
thereafter. Expression of the B lineage associated 14.8 Ag and IgM was inhibited
on a dose dependent basis, and myelopoiesis was sustained in cultures to which
25% CM had been added. Induction of B lymphopoiesis occurred in cultures to
which adherent cell CM not exposed to IL-1 had been added. The CM from the
IL-1-treated adherent cells contained CSF, because it promoted the growth of
myeloid colonies from fresh marrow or MBMC cells and stimulated the
granulocyte-macrophage-CSF sensitive FDC-P1 cell line to proliferate. IL-3 was
not present in the CM, because stimulation of the IL-3 sensitive 32D cell line
was not observed. The CM from the IL-1-treated adherent cells stimulated
thymocytes to proliferate in the presence of PHA. This raised the possibility
that the induced CSF may have required IL-1 to mediate their effects in the
cultures. However, B lymphopoiesis was inhibited and myelopoiesis maintained
upon addition of recombinant granulocyte-, macrophage-, and
granulocyte-macrophage-CSF to cultures, indicating that IL-1 or other non-CSF
molecules induced by it need not be present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
- Language
