| United States Patent |
4,703,717 |
| Abecassis , et al. |
November 3, 1987 |
This invention relates to the impregnation of small spheres of sugar with an
aqueous liquor. Driven in rotation by rollers, an inclined bottle lies opposite
the suction of a ring. By its programmed nozzles, a flask may spray a jet of
liquor, blow air or remain at rest. Programmation is effected from a control
desk. The invention is more particularly applicable to the mass-production, in
sterile manner, of granules or pellets for homeopathy,
such manufacture being on an industrial scale and eliminating the risks of
errors.
| Inventors: |
Abecassis; Jacky R. (Ecully, FR); Baum;
Bernard (Limonest, FR); Favier; Andre-Marcel (Dagneux, FR); Levert;
Patrice C. (Craponne, FR) |
| Assignee: |
Laboratoires Boiron (Lyons, FR) |
| Appl. No.: |
808637 |
| Filed: |
December 13, 1985 |
| U.S. Class: |
118/698; 118/19; 118/20;
118/25; 118/303 |
| Intern'l Class: |
B05C 005/00 |
| Field of Search: |
118/19,25,20,24,75,303,698,697
427/3 |
References Cited [Referenced
By]
U.S. Patent Documents
| 3381659 |
May., 1968 |
Rieckmann et al. |
118/19. |
| 4133290 |
Jan., 1979 |
Melliger |
118/19. |
| 4168674 |
Sep., 1979 |
Futter |
118/19. |
| Foreign Patent Documents |
| 1288469 |
May., 1961 |
FR. |
|
| 2137170 |
Dec., 1972 |
FR. |
|
| 2258226 |
Aug., 1975 |
FR. |
|
Primary Examiner: Kittle; John E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sandler & Greenblum
Claims
1. An installation for the impregnation of small spheres of sugar contained in
bottles by means of a liquor contained in a flask, wherein said bottles each
comprise a neck having an opening therein, wherein said installation comprises
at least one station comprising:
(a) a hollow suction ring having a central opening;
(b) a plurality of inclined rollers adapted to support each of said bottles in
such a position that said opening in said neck of each bottle faces upwardly and
faces said opening in said hollow suction ring, wherein said rollers are adapted
to rotate said neck of each bottle; and
(c) at least one flask, adapted to receive said impregnation liquor, wherein
said flask comprises first and second transverse nozzles surmounting said flask,
(i) wherein said first nozzle comprises: a rear end and a front end, wherein
said rear end comprises an end piece comprising means for connection with a
first source of compressed air under pressure, and wherein said front end
comprises means for blowing air in response to connecting said rear end to said
source of air under pressure;
(ii) wherein said second nozzle comprises: a front end close to the front end of
said first nozzle, and a rear end adapted to be immersed in the liquor inside
said flask, and wherein said second nozzle comprises means for spraying liquor
into each bottle;
(iii) wherein the upper part of the interior of said flask comprises an end
piece comprising means for connection to a second source of compressed air;
(iv) wherein said first and second nozzles comprise means for connecting to each
bottle through said opening in said bottles; and
(d) means for controlling the following actions during an impregnation cycle:
(i) the rotation of the rollers driving the bottle;
(ii) the blowing of compressed air into the bottle by the first nozzle of the
flask, ; and
(iii) the spraying of liquor into the bottle by the second nozzle of the flask.
2. The installation of claim 1, further comprising means for maintaining a
difference in the flow rates of compressed air, through said first nozzle and
liquor through said second nozzle whereby the flow rate of air sucked by said
suction ring is greater than the maximum flow rates of air and liquor blown into
said bottle.
3. The installation of one of claims 1 and 2, further comprising:
a plurality of said stations for treating a plurality of bottles of virgin
granules or pellets; and
an endless conveyor for conveying said bottles to said at least one station.
4. The installation of claim 3, further comprising a plurality of suction rings
and a central manifold connected to said plurality of suction rings, wherein
said central manifold is constantly maintained under reduced pressure.
5. The installation of claim 4, further comprising a non-return valve
automatically preventing any excess pressure produced in the manifold from
communicating to said bottle, so as to prevent air from said manifold from
flowing into said bottle via the suction ring.
6. The installation of claim 3, further comprising a weighing station positioned
upstream of said endless conveyor, wherein said weighing station weighs each
bottle and the contents of each bottle.
7. The installation of claim 1, wherein said control means comprises:
means for actuating the spraying of said liquor inside said bottle by said
second nozzle during a first period of time while said rollers rotate said
bottle;
means for causing said second nozzle to cease spraying while said rollers
continue to rotate said bottle during a second period of time later than said
first period of time; and
means for blowing drying air into said bottle with said first nozzle while said
rollers continue to rotate said bottle during a third period of time later than
said second period of time.
8. The installation of claim 7, wherein controlling means comprises an outside
time switch, adjustable by an operator, for regulating the duration of
impregnation of the granules or pellets, as a function of the diameter of the
impregnation nozzle.
9. The installation of claim 1 wherein said plurality of rollers comprise means
for supporting and rotating one bottle at a time.
10. The installation of claim 9 in combination with said bottle.
11. The installation of claim 10 in combination with said flask.
12. The installation of claim 11 in combination with said liquor.
13. The installation of claim 1 wherein said first and second nozzles extend
through said suction ring into said opening in said neck of said bottle, wherein
said suction ring is sufficiently close to said opening in said neck of said
bottle so that said first and second nozzles extend into said bottle.
14. An apparatus for impregnating elements contained in at least one bottle with
a fluid in a container, wherein said bottle comprises a neck having an opening
therein, said apparatus comprising:
(a) at least one station comprising:
(i) a suction ring; and
(ii) means for rotating said bottle and supporting said bottle such that said
opening in said bottle faces towards said suction ring; and
(b) a first element adapted to be connected to said container, said bottle, and
a source of compressed air, wherein said first element extends through said
suction ring, and wherein said first element comprises means for blowing air
into said bottle; and
(c) a second element adapted to be immersed in said fluid in said container and
adapted to be introduced into said bottle, wherein said second element extends
through said suction ring, and wherein said second element comprises means for
spraying said fluid into said bottle.
15. The installation of claim 14 in combination with said container, wherein
said installation further comprises a manifold for applying a pressure to said
suction ring.
16. The installation of claim 15 in combination with said fluid.
17. The installation of claim 16 in combination with said bottle.
18. The installation of claim 14 in combination with said container, wherein
said first and second elements comprise first and second nozzles, respectively,
wherein said rotating means comprises a plurality of inclined rollers, wherein
said container comprises a flask, wherein said first and second nozzles are
mounted on said flask, wherein said nozzle comprises a front end and a rear end,
wherein said rear end comprises means for connection to a first source of air
under pressure, wherein said front end comprises means for blowing said air
under pressure into said bottle, wherein said second nozzle comprises a front
end and a rear end, wherein said rear end of said second nozzle is immersed in
said fluid in said flask, wherein said front end of said second nozzle comprises
means for spraying said fluid into said bottle, wherein said flask comprises
means for connection to a second source of compressed air.
19. The installation defined by claim 14 further comprising means for
controlling:
the rotation of said rotating means for rotating said bottle;
the blowing of said compressed air into said bottle by said first element; and
the spraying of said fluid into said bottle by said second element.
20. The installation defined by claim 19 wherein said control means further
comprises:
means for actuating the spraying said fluid inside said bottle by said second
element during a first period of time while said rotating means rotates said
bottle;
means for actuating said second element to cease spraying while said rotating
means continue to rotate said bottle during a second period of time later than
said first period of time; and
means for blowing drying air into said bottle with said first element while said
rotating means continue to rotate said bottle during a third period of time
later than said second period of time.
Description
The present invention relates to an installation for the chain production of
homeopathic medicaments, and more particularly, although not exclusively, to the
impregnation of pellets or granules.
As is known, most homeopathic medicaments are in the form of small spheres of
sugar (diameter: about 4 millimeters for granules; about 2 millimeters for
pellets), impregnated with an aqueous dilution containing the active ingredient.
Up to the present day, such impregnation of a very large number of granules or
pellets has been effected manually, particularly as far as impregnation is
concerned. In other words, this necessitates considerable man-power, and may
give rise to errors in the counting of cycles or in the marking of the bottles
containing the pellets or granules, and the flasks containing the impregnation
liquors. Furthermore, elimination of the possible impurities is of considerable
importance in the particular case of homeopathy,
being given that, due to the extreme dilution of the active principles, a
possible impurity risks being present in the granules or pellets with a
concentration higher than that of the active ingredient proper. For all these
reasons, manufacture of homeopathic medicaments, for relatively small
quantities, is at present effected by processes which are often manual.
It is an object of the present invention to avoid these drawbacks, by producing
a chain for manufacturing homeopathic medicaments on an industrial scale,
eliminating any risk of error or of contamination.
A manufacturing chain according to the invention, particularly for treating
small spheres of sugar contained in bottles, by impregnating them with a liquor
contained in a flask, is characterized in that it comprises:
at least one station with inclined rollers on which a bottle may be placed, with
its open neck facing upwardly, the rotating opening of the neck then being close
to a suction ring provided, at its centre, with an opening;
at least one flask surmounted by two transverse nozzles, namely:
a first nozzle of which the rear end bears an end piece for connection thereof
with a first source of air under pressure in order that its front end may blow
air,
and a second nozzle, whose front end is close to the front end of the first
nozzle, whilst its rear end is immersed in the liquor inside the flask, the
upper part of the interior of the latter finally being connected to an end piece
for connection thereof with a second source of compressed air;
control and programming means for programming:
the rotation of the rollers driving the bottle,
the blowing of compressed air into the bottle by the first nozzle of the flask,
and the spraying of liquor into the bottle by the second nozzle of the flask.
According to another feature of the invention, a difference in flowrate of
compressed air is maintained between the two nozzles, with the result that, at
any moment, the flowrate of air sucked by the ring is greater than the maximum
flowrate of air and of liquor blown into the bottle.
According to a further feature of the invention, the installation comprises a
plurality of stations for the treatment of bottles of virgin granules or
pellets, and an endless conveyor on which said bottles are disposed.
According to another feature of the invention, the suction rings are connected
to a central manifold, maintained constantly under depression.
According to another feature of the invention, each suction ring is connected to
the general air suction manifold by a non-return valve automatically stopping
any excess pressure likely to be produced in the manifold, so as to avoid any
risk of return of air via the suction ring.
According to another feature of the invention, a weighing station is provided
upstream of the endless conveyor, where each bottle is weighed, with its
contents.
According to another feature of the invention, the programming means comprises a
device making it possible to have the periods when the liquor is sprayed inside
the bottle succeeded by periods when the first nozzle ceases to spray, whilst
the second nozzle blows drying air inside the bottle which continues to rotate.
The invention will be more readily understood on reading the following
description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a side view with part section of an impregnation station according to
the invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the implantation of the whole of the manufacturing
chain.
FIG. 3 is a vertical section through a flask equipped with its two upper
nozzles.
FIG. 4 is a view in perspective with section, showing the arrangement of the
flasks in a storage drawer according to the invention.
Referring now to the drawings, the installation illustrated in FIG. 2 comprises
a weighing station 1 for weighing bottles 2 of which each contains spheres of
sugar 3, intended to be impregnated, in order to constitute homeopathic pellets
or granules.
At the weighing station 1, a pair of identifying tickets is printed for each
bottle. One of the tickets of this pair is stuck to the bottle 2, whilst the
other is recorded in the laboratory's register of manufacture.
On leaving the weighing station 1, the bottles 2 are conveyed, by an endless
conveyor 4, towards a series of impregnation stations 5, all made in accordance
with the same principle.
The impregnation station 5 illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises two pairs of rollers
6 of which at least one is driven in rotation by a gear-down motor 7.
The geometrical axis 8 of the assembly is inclined so that a bottle 2 lying on
the rollers 6 rotates about its inclined geometrical axis 9, whilst its bottom
bears against a central stop 10.
Station 5 further comprises a hollow suction ring 11 which is located, with a
clearance 12, in front of the opening of the neck 13 of the bottle 2. Along axis
9, the hollow ring 11 is traversed by the upper and lower nozzles 14 and 15,
respectively, of a flask 16, which contains, in the form of a liquor 17, the
active ingredient with which it is desired to impregnate the pellets or
granules. This liquor may be aqueous or alcoholic.
In its lower part, the flask 16 is obturated by a stopper 18 comprising, to the
rear, a first connector 19 adapted to connect it to a first source of compressed
air. This connector 19 communicates with the upper interior space 20 in flask
16, i.e., when the pressure is sent into the connector 19, the liquor 17 is
delivered into a tube 21 which is immersed therein, and which is connected to
the first spray nozzle 15. When the pressure is sent into the first connector
19, a jet 22 of liquor 17 is thus sprayed by the first nozzle 15.
Furthermore, the second nozzle 14 is connected to a second rear end piece 23
provided to be connected to a second source, of compressed air.
Flask 16 may advantageously be provided with removable impregnation nozzles,
maintained on the flask by means of a clamp fitting, allowing resistance to
excess pressure.
The suction ring 11 is connected by a pipe 24 to a general suction manifold 25,
common to all the stations 5 beneath which it extends.
A non-return valve 26 is interposed between each pipe 24 and the general
manifold 25, in order to avoid any possible accidental excess pressure in the
manifold delivering, via ring 11, inside the bottle 2 in the course of
impregnation.
Furthermore, control and programming means 27, containing the necessary
electronic circuits, allow the operator to programme station 5 and to monitor,
at every instant, the state of advance of the programme.
In the vicinity of the endless conveyor 4, along the impregnation stations 5,
are located storage cabinets 28, inside which the various flasks 16 necessary
for manufacture are stored.
Each of these cabinets 28 comprises drawers 29 whose interior structure is
illustrated in FIG. 4. Each drawer 29 comprises a double bottom 30, over which
are distributed circular recesses 31 disposed in quincunx. The diameter of each
recess 31 is equal, to within the clearance, to the outer diameter of each flask
16 which is housed therein.
Furthermore, in front of each recess 31 rise two vertical guide rods 32 between
which the horizontal rod constituted by the two nozzles 14 and 22 of a flask 16
is housed. This arrangement makes it possible to juxtapose inside the drawer 29
a maximum number of flasks 16, whilst guaranteeing that the nozzles 14, 22 of
each of them do not risk coming into contact with another flask, which would
lead to contamination from one liquor 17 to the other.
Operation is as follows:
The operator takes a bottle 2 from the conveyor 4 (FIGS. 1 and 2) and places it
on the rollers 6 of his station 5. Bottle 2 is then driven in rotation, which
ensures permanent mixing for the spheres of sugar 3 which it contains.
Furthermore, the operator positions the flask 16 containing the desired liquor
17 in a predetermined calibrated quantity. Once in position, this flask 16
penetrates, by its two nozzles 14 and 22, inside the neck 13 of the bottle 2.
During the drying phase, the ring 11 sucks both air coming from inside the
bottle 2 and air coming from the ambient atmosphere, attracted by the clearance
12.
The installation advantageously possesses an outside time-switch adjustable by
the operator, which regulates the duration of impregnation as a function of the
flowrate of the impregnation nozzle 15. The quantity of liquor 17 present in the
flask 16 no longer needs to be calibrated.
On his control and programming device 27, the operator programmes the cycle as a
function of the labels borne on the one hand by the flask 16 and on the other
hand by the bottle 2.
The operator having connected the rear connectors 19 and 23 of the flask 16
respectively on the first and on the second source of compressed air, he uses
said device 27 for programming the air blowing phases.
A cycle of impregnation may thus take the following form:
in a first step, the first nozzle 15 projects an atomized jet 22 inside the
bottle 2, whilst the latter is rotating; this corresponds to a phase of
impregnation;
the first nozzle 15 then stops blowing and the bottle 2 continues to rotate;
this is a homogenization phase;
the second nozzle 14 blows ultra-filtered air into the bottle 2, whilst the ring
11 sucks; this is a drying phase;
these three successive operations are repeated several times, for example twice;
bottle 2 is then removed and stored. The operation of impregnation is
terminated.
The air blowing pressures are, of course, monitored.
In particular, it is seen that the installation according to the invention
enables the operator to work as desired, either manually or in automatic mode.
As indicated hereinbefore, the use of cabinets 28 of which the drawers are as
shown in FIG. 4, makes it possible both to facilitate storage of the
impregnation liquors 17 and to eliminate any risk of errors in manufacture.
The possibility of using removable nozzles renders the system polyvalent.
The presence of the outside time-switch allows an appreciable saving of time
since it is no longer necessary to calibrate the quantities of liquor 17 present
in the flasks 16.
This device is therefore perfectly applicable in the pharmaceutical industry
where any risk of contamination must be strictly prohibited.
* * * * *
